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Province

Nueva Ecija

Nueva Ecija is a province in the Central Luzon region of Luzon, Philippines. Its population was 2,395,816 in the 2024 census, and it has 5 cities and 27 municipalities.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 2, 2026
A green river running between towering white limestone walls, seen from a rock ledge in the shade of an overhang.
The Peñaranda River gorge in Minalungao National Park, General Tinio.Photo: “Minalungao National Park 2” by Kathleen Mae Tugano, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; cropped and resized by Scene. Scene's copy is shared under the same licence.

  • PeopleSources

    2,395,816

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 22.5% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    3rd

    of the 7 provinces of Central Luzon by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 18 of every 100 people in Central Luzon lived in Nueva Ecija in 2024 (18.44%)

  • Inside itSources

    32

    cities and municipalities

    849 barangays

  • LandSources

    5,036.88 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Nueva Ecija's land would fill a square about 71.0 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 476 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 5 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    674,461

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    3.5 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    43.6%

    About 44 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0304900000[4]Formerly 034900000

People

Nueva Ecija had 2,395,816 people in the 2024 census, up 22.5% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Nueva Ecija had the 3rd most people of the 7 provinces of Central Luzon in 2024[1]
  1. 1Bulacan3,876,806
  2. 2Pampanga2,586,446
  3. 3Nueva Ecija2,395,816
  4. 4Tarlac1,568,162
  5. 5Bataan891,440
  6. 6Zambales681,225
  7. 7Aurora240,824
All 7 provinces of Central Luzon
Of every 100 people in Nueva Ecija in 2024[1]
Age structure · 2024 Census[5]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 25 of every 100 are children under 15 (24.6%)
  • About 68 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (68.2%)
  • About 7 of every 100 are 65 or older (7.2%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
Under 5170,95288,40482,548
5 - 9199,163103,75295,411
10 - 14219,518114,541104,977
15 - 19222,765114,952107,813
20 - 24212,473108,831103,642
25 - 29202,192103,33198,861
30 - 34193,72899,32594,403
35 - 39168,10185,98182,120
40 - 44156,96480,28176,683
45 - 49140,27671,46668,810
50 - 54127,62364,73762,886
55 - 59112,62056,07656,544
60 - 6495,06346,54448,519
65 - 6970,18733,16637,021
70 - 7447,35820,85726,501
75 - 7927,81210,66217,150
80 - 8415,2444,97510,269
85 and over11,1952,8318,364

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
2,395,816[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
674,461[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
3.5 on average[1, 2]
Share of Central Luzon, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
18.44%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
43.6% (1,045,012 people)[6]
Men and women, 2024
1,210,712 men, 1,182,522 women[5]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 20242,395,816[1, 2]0.88% a year674,4613.5
2020as of May 1, 20202,310,134[1]1.51% a year——
2015as of August 1, 20152,151,461[1]1.84% a year——
2010as of May 1, 20101,955,373[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then1,843,853[36]1.46% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders1,659,883[36, 37]2.11% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then1,505,827[36]2.60% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then1,312,680[36]2.07% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then1,069,409[36]2.44% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then947,995[36]2.18% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then851,294[36]3.34% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then608,362[36]———

Cities and municipalities

Nueva Ecija is made up of 27 municipalities and 5 cities, with 849 barangays in all.
Colour byColours the map of Nueva Ecija by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
AuroraBulacanNueva VizcayaPampangaPangasinanTarlacAliaga: 72,134 people, 802 per km², 0.60% a yearBongabon: 69,376 people, 272 per km², 0.90% a yearCabiao: 89,497 people, 754 per km², 1.00% a yearCarranglan: 43,694 people, 497 per km², 0.71% a yearCabanatuan City: 343,672 people, 1,765 per km², 1.18% a yearGapan City: 129,610 people, 778 per km², 1.27% a yearPalayan City: 47,883 people, 265 per km², 1.29% a yearCuyapo: 70,919 people, 388 per km², 0.99% a yearGabaldon: 40,223 people, 128 per km², 0.77% a yearGeneral Mamerto Natividad: 43,779 people, 440 per km², −0.29% a yearGeneral Tinio: 58,093 people, 109 per km², 0.92% a yearGuimba: 131,468 people, 596 per km², 0.71% a yearJaen: 83,895 people, 917 per km², 1.39% a yearLaur: 40,185 people, 135 per km², 1.18% a yearLicab: 29,590 people, 494 per km², 0.26% a yearLlanera: 44,620 people, 386 per km², 1.30% a yearLupao: 47,175 people, 391 per km², 0.65% a yearNampicuan: 15,297 people, 313 per km², 1.34% a yearPantabangan: 32,694 people, 76 per km², 0.70% a yearPeñaranda: 33,043 people, 417 per km², 0.57% a yearQuezon: 42,621 people, 616 per km², 0.44% a yearRizal: 71,749 people, 584 per km², 0.53% a yearSan Antonio: 84,958 people, 544 per km², 0.54% a yearSan Isidro: 55,108 people, 891 per km², 0.32% a yearSan Jose City: 156,714 people, 826 per km², 0.91% a yearSan Leonardo: 69,180 people, 1,296 per km², 0.22% a yearSanta Rosa: 80,258 people, 511 per km², 1.43% a yearSanto Domingo: 63,750 people, 847 per km², 1.03% a yearScience City of Muñoz: 85,061 people, 610 per km², 0.21% a yearTalavera: 137,444 people, 940 per km², 0.91% a yearTalugtug: 26,469 people, 258 per km², 1.15% a yearZaragoza: 55,657 people, 742 per km², 1.14% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 20,000
  • 20,000 to 31,000
  • 31,000 to 45,000
  • 45,000 to 76,000
  • 76,000 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 140
  • 140 to 250
  • 250 to 390
  • 390 to 750
  • 750 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap
Cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija. Each column heading sorts the table.
Kind[1, 7]Share (2024)
AliagaMunicipality72,1343.01%0.60% a year89.98 km²
BongabonMunicipality69,3762.9%0.90% a year255.25 km²
CabiaoMunicipality89,4973.74%1.00% a year118.67 km²
CarranglanMunicipality43,6941.82%0.71% a year87.86 km²
Cabanatuan CityComponent city343,67214.34%1.18% a year194.73 km²
Gapan CityComponent city129,6105.41%1.27% a year166.53 km²
Palayan CityComponent city47,8832%1.29% a year180.40 km²
CuyapoMunicipality70,9192.96%0.99% a year182.91 km²
GabaldonMunicipality40,2231.68%0.77% a year313.66 km²
General Mamerto NatividadMunicipality43,7791.83%−0.29% a year99.48 km²
General TinioMunicipality58,0932.42%0.92% a year534.74 km²
GuimbaMunicipality131,4685.49%0.71% a year220.44 km²
JaenMunicipality83,8953.5%1.39% a year91.49 km²
LaurMunicipality40,1851.68%1.18% a year298.76 km²
LicabMunicipality29,5901.24%0.26% a year59.91 km²
LlaneraMunicipality44,6201.86%1.30% a year115.49 km²
LupaoMunicipality47,1751.97%0.65% a year120.78 km²
NampicuanMunicipality15,2970.64%1.34% a year48.80 km²
PantabanganMunicipality32,6941.36%0.70% a year429.12 km²
PeñarandaMunicipality33,0431.38%0.57% a year79.32 km²
QuezonMunicipality42,6211.78%0.44% a year69.22 km²
RizalMunicipality71,7492.99%0.53% a year122.77 km²
San AntonioMunicipality84,9583.55%0.54% a year156.07 km²
San IsidroMunicipality55,1082.3%0.32% a year61.84 km²
San Jose CityComponent city156,7146.54%0.91% a year189.65 km²
San LeonardoMunicipality69,1802.89%0.22% a year53.36 km²
Santa RosaMunicipality80,2583.35%1.43% a year157.20 km²
Santo DomingoMunicipality63,7502.66%1.03% a year75.25 km²
Science City of MuñozComponent city85,0613.55%0.21% a year139.47 km²
TalaveraMunicipality137,4445.74%0.91% a year146.24 km²
TalugtugMunicipality26,4691.1%1.15% a year102.47 km²
ZaragozaMunicipality55,6572.32%1.14% a year75.02 km²

Land & Environment

Nueva Ecija covers 5,036.88 km² of land, 476 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 1,801 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
5,036.88 km²[7]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
476 people per km²[7]
Coordinates
15.54292° N, 121.02703° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[33]
Lowest
4 m
Average
240 m
Highest
1,801 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[34]

  1. Pampanga River137.6 of 218.3 km
  2. Talavera River92.0 km
  3. Santur River58.9 of 64.0 km
  4. Sumacbao River55.8 of 77.9 km
  5. Rio Chico54.4 of 91.9 km
  6. Peñaranda River51.3 km
  7. Baliwag River43.2 km
  8. Cabu River36.3 km

The longest inside it: 36 in all.

Lakes[34]

  1. Pantabangan Lakereservoir56.1 km²
  2. Aulo Lake0.84 km²
  3. Nabao Lakeoxbow0.26 km²
  4. Murconreservoir0.18 km²

Peaks[34]

  1. Peak 21,434 m
  2. Peak 11,420 m
  3. Mount Olong Amo1,174 m
  4. Mount Real1,008 m
  5. Dalumpa Peak815 m
  6. Mount Maloyon813 m

The highest: 34 in all.

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I[35]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Covers about 53 of every 100 parts of its land. Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

Life & Economy

Nueva Ecija's economy made ₱416.9 billion of goods and services in 2025, ₱176,225 for each person. About 10 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2023.
Economy, 2025Gross domestic productThe value of all the goods and services made in a place in a year: the size of its economy. The PSA measures it for every region, province and highly urbanized city. Counted at 2018 prices, it leaves out the rise in prices, so one year can be set beside another.More in the glossary
₱416.9 billion[20]Its gross domestic product at current prices; ₱355.1 billion at 2018 prices.
Growth, 2024–2025
7.0%[21]How much more it made than the year before, at 2018 prices.
For each person, 2025
₱176,225[22]Its economy divided by its projected population, at current prices, as the PSA works it out.
Poverty, 2023Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
10.2% of people[23]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's survey.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 10 of every 100 people in Nueva Ecija lived below the poverty line in 2023 (10.2%)[23]

The PSA's survey puts it between 7.2% and 13.3%, with 95% confidence. The poverty line was ₱36,339 a person for the year.

The PSA notes: Those with CVs higher than 10% in 2023 poverty incidence among population should be used with caution.

Public places

  • 410government offices
  • 68hospitals and health centres
  • 1,080schools
  • 342places of worship
  • 50markets
  • 34stations and terminals
  • 45parks
  • 27monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Each town's page lists its own; this page lists the stations, parks, beaches and monuments.

Where a kind has more than 8, this page shows 6: first those with “Nueva Ecija” in their name, then one in each of its most populous cities and municipalities.

Stations and terminals34

28 more stations and terminals are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 32 cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija

Parks44

38 more parks are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 32 cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija

Monuments and memorials27

21 more monuments and memorials are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 32 cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A governor leads Nueva Ecija. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (the provincial board), led by the vice governor. The governor, the vice governor and the board's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[17, 18]

Capital
Palayan City[4]

4 legislative districtsLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary[19]

Each district elects one member of the House of Representatives. These are the districts as the laws drew them for the 2025 elections.

1st district

2nd district

3rd district

4th district

Leaders

The governor and vice governor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Governor
    Aurelio Matias Umali[24]
    Vice governor
    Gil Raymond Matias Umali[24]

  2. 2022–2025

    Governor
    Aurelio Matias Umali[25]
    Vice governor
    Emmanuel Antonio Matias Umali[25]

  3. 2019–2022

    Governor
    Aurelio Matias Umali[26]
    Vice governor
    Emmanuel Antonio Matias Umali[26]

  4. 2016–2019

    Governor
    Czarina Domingo Umali[27]
    Vice governor
    Gay Garcia Padiernos[27]

  5. 2013–2016

    Governor
    Aurelio Matias Umali[28]
    Vice governor
    Gay Garcia Padiernos[28]

  6. 2010–2013

    Governor
    Aurelio Matias Umali[29]
    Vice governor
    Gay Garcia Padiernos[29]

  7. 2007–2010

    Governor
    Aurelio Matias Umali[30]
    Vice governor
    Edward Thomas Filart Joson[30]

  8. 2004–2007

    Governor
    Tomas Noriel Joson III[31]
    Vice governor
    Mariano Cristino Noriel Joson[31]

  9. 2001–2004

    Governor
    Tomas N. Joson III[32]
    Vice governor
    Eduardo N. Joson IV[32]
Governors and vice governors of Nueva Ecija, by term
TermGovernorVice governor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Aurelio Matias Umali[24]Gil Raymond Matias Umali[24]
2022–2025Aurelio Matias Umali[25]Emmanuel Antonio Matias Umali[25]
2019–2022Aurelio Matias Umali[26]Emmanuel Antonio Matias Umali[26]
2016–2019Czarina Domingo Umali[27]Gay Garcia Padiernos[27]
2013–2016Aurelio Matias Umali[28]Gay Garcia Padiernos[28]
2010–2013Aurelio Matias Umali[29]Gay Garcia Padiernos[29]
2007–2010Aurelio Matias Umali[30]Edward Thomas Filart Joson[30]
2004–2007Tomas Noriel Joson III[31]Mariano Cristino Noriel Joson[31]
2001–2004Tomas N. Joson III[32]Eduardo N. Joson IV[32]

History & Identity

Created
A province under Spain, founded in 1705, 1777 or 1801 by the official sources' differing accounts; its civil government was set up under Act No. 139, enacted 11 June 1901, with San Isidro as its capital[9, 10, 11, 12]

How it got its name

It is named after Écija, an old town in the Spanish province of Seville: Nueva Ecija means New Écija.[9, 10]

Its story

Sources differOfficial sources date its founding three ways: 1705 on the province's old website, 1777 on the DILG's page, which calls it a military comandancia with its capital at Baler, and 1801 on the City of Palayan's.[9, 10, 11]

It once reached the Pacific coast, and towns of Pampanga such as Cabiao, San Isidro, Gapan and Aliaga were added to it; in 1853 Baler and Casiguran were separated and joined to Tayabas. Cabanatuan, a town from 14 July 1777, was the capital from 1779 to 1816, and San Isidro from 1852 to 1912.[9, 13]

On 2 September 1896 revolutionaries from Cabiao and Gapan, led by Mariano Llanera and Pantaleon Valmonte, attacked San Isidro, and the Spanish governor surrendered; the battle is remembered as Araw ng Nueva Ecija. Aguinaldo made San Isidro the capital of the republic on 29 March 1899, and moved it to Cabanatuan on 9 May.[13, 14]

Act No. 139 set up its civil government on 11 June 1901, with San Isidro as its capital, and Epifanio de los Santos was elected its first Filipino governor, serving from 1902 to 1906. The capital returned to Cabanatuan in 1912.[9, 12, 13, 14]

Cabanatuan became a city under a law of 16 June 1950, and a law of 1965 created Palayan City as the provincial capital. Today the province keeps its founding anniversary on 25 April, as a proclamation of 2026 records; it was kept on 2 September before, as a proclamation of 1991 shows.[10, 11, 13, 15, 16]

Timeline

  1. 1705, 1777 or 1801

    Sources differThe province is founded; official sources differ on the year.[9, 10, 11]

  2. 14 July 1777

    Cabanatuan is made a town; it is the capital from 1779 to 1816.[13]

  3. 1852

    San Isidro becomes the capital, until 1912.[13]

  4. 1853

    Baler and Casiguran are separated and joined to Tayabas.[9]

  5. 2 September 1896

    Revolutionaries take San Isidro, the provincial capital.[14]

  6. 29 March 1899

    Aguinaldo makes San Isidro the capital of the republic.[13]

  7. 11 June 1901

    Act No. 139 extends the Provincial Government Act to Nueva Ecija.[12]

  8. 1912

    The capital returns to Cabanatuan.[9, 13]

  9. 16 June 1950

    Republic Act No. 526 makes Cabanatuan a city.[13]

  10. 19 June 1965

    Republic Act No. 4475 creates Palayan City as the provincial capital.[11]

Nearby

Nueva Ecija shares a border with 6 places.

How it compares

Nueva Ecija beside Central Luzon, and where it stands among the provinces of Central Luzon.

Nueva Ecija beside Central Luzon
FigureNueva EcijaCentral LuzonRank among the provinces of Central Luzon
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary2,395,816[1, 2]12,989,0743rd of 7
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.88% a year[1, 2]slower1.08% a year6th of 7
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary476[7]less crowded5745th of 7
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary5,036.88 km²[7]22,648.03 km²1st of 7
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary3.5[1, 2]lower3.7not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary43.6%[6]lower66.2%not ranked

Sources

Page updated October 2, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Central Luzon (OpenSTAT table 0031A6DTPH2). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Household Population by Age-Group Region, Province, and Highly Urbanized City: Philippines, 2024 Census of Population (OpenSTAT table 0201A6DPAG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Provincial Government of Nueva Ecija. Historical Profile (2003 site, as archived by the Internet Archive on 7 August 2003). Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Department of the Interior and Local Government, Region III. Who We Are (Nueva Ecija Provincial Office). Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.City Government of Palayan. History (as archived by the Internet Archive on 8 May 2025). Published December 14, 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.United States Philippine Commission. Act No. 139: An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act to the Province of Nueva Ecija. Published June 11, 1901. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.National Historical Institute. Historical Markers: Regions I-IV and CAR. Published 1993. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Panandang Pangkasaysayan 2007-2016. Published 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.Office of the President of the Philippines. Proclamation No. 782, s. 1991: Declaring Monday, September 2, 1991, as a Special Day in the Province of Nueva Ecija. Published August 27, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Office of the President of the Philippines. Proclamation No. 1211, s. 2026: Declaring Saturday, 25 April 2026 as a Special (Non-Working) Day in the Province of Nueva Ecija. Published March 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  20. 20.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0012A5FPPA0). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  21. 21.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC, Growth Rates (OpenSTAT table 0032A5FPPA2). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  22. 22.Philippine Statistics Authority. Per Capita Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0092A5FPPA8). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  23. 23.Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Table 2a. Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold and Poverty Incidence Among Population with Measures of Precision, by Region, Province and Highly Urbanized Cities: 2018, 2021, and 2023 (OpenSTAT table 0041F3DF02A). Published August 15, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  24. 24.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  29. 29.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 10, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  30. 30.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  31. 31.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  32. 32.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECTED MEMBER, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES"). Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  33. 33.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  34. 34.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  35. 35.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  36. 36.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  37. 37.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Nueva Ecija.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 2, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/nueva-ecija