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Municipality

Lupao

Lupao is a municipality in Nueva Ecija, Central Luzon, Philippines. Its population was 47,175 in the 2024 census, and it has 24 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Lupao by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
CarranglanSan Jose CityScience City of MuñozTalugtugUminganAgupalo Este: 1,504 people, 419 per km², 0.31% a yearAgupalo Weste: 1,970 people, 445 per km², 2.35% a yearAlalay Chica: 882 people, 493 per km², −1.06% a yearAlalay Grande: 1,724 people, 305 per km², −0.72% a yearJ. U. Tienzo: 1,554 people, 2,760 per km², −3.68% a yearBagong Flores: 4,033 people, 2,058 per km², 0.37% a yearBalbalungao: 2,596 people, 302 per km², 1.36% a yearBurgos: 1,565 people, 286 per km², −0.08% a yearCordero: 1,136 people, 544 per km², 1.33% a yearMapangpang: 704 people, 187 per km², 0.41% a yearNamulandayan: 2,094 people, 158 per km², 0.42% a yearParista: 4,614 people, 279 per km², 0.87% a yearPoblacion East: 946 people, 2,984 per km², 5.22% a yearPoblacion North: 561 people, 2,338 per km², −0.21% a yearPoblacion South: 1,638 people, 6,911 per km², −0.89% a yearPoblacion West: 1,262 people, 4,507 per km², −2.24% a yearSalvacion I: 2,049 people, 319 per km², −0.50% a yearSalvacion II: 2,036 people, 422 per km², 3.03% a yearSan Antonio Este: 2,325 people, 628 per km², 1.46% a yearSan Antonio Weste: 1,865 people, 446 per km², 0.55% a yearSan Isidro: 5,452 people, 445 per km², 0.96% a yearSan Pedro: 1,956 people, 536 per km², 4.01% a yearSan Roque: 1,973 people, 273 per km², 0.59% a yearSanto Domingo: 736 people, 116 per km², 0.76% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    47,175

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 15.3% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    21st

    of the 32 cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 2 of every 100 people in Nueva Ecija lived in Lupao in 2024 (1.97%)

  • Inside itSources

    24

    barangays

  • LandSources

    120.78 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Lupao's land would fill a square about 11.0 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 391 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 4 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    13,371

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    3.5 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    33.5%

    About 34 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0304916000[4]Formerly 034916000
ZIP code
3122[13, 14, 15]

People

Lupao had 47,175 people in the 2024 census, up 15.3% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Lupao had the 21st most people of the 32 cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija in 2024[1]
  1. 18Zaragoza55,657
  2. 19San Isidro55,108
  3. 20Palayan City47,883
  4. 21Lupao47,175
  5. 22Llanera44,620
  6. 23General Mamerto Natividad43,779
  7. 24Carranglan43,694
All 32 cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 62 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. San Isidro5,45212 in 100
  2. Parista4,61410 in 100
  3. Bagong Flores4,0339 in 100
  4. Balbalungao2,5966 in 100
  5. San Antonio Este2,3255 in 100
  6. Namulandayan2,0944 in 100
  7. Salvacion I2,0494 in 100
  8. Salvacion II2,0364 in 100
  9. San Roque1,9734 in 100
  10. Agupalo Weste1,9704 in 100
See all 24 barangays of Lupao
Age structure · 2020 Census[33]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 29 of every 100 are children under 15 (29%)
  • About 64 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (64.3%)
  • About 7 of every 100 are 65 or older (6.7%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 44,2562,2372,019
5 - 94,4882,3672,121
10 - 144,5542,3652,189
15 - 194,3482,1982,150
20 - 243,8612,0261,835
25 - 293,5541,8241,730
30 - 343,1791,6151,564
35 - 392,9151,4981,417
40 - 442,7701,4411,329
45 - 492,5871,3211,266
50 - 542,4981,2681,230
55 - 592,0961,0711,025
60 - 641,709852857
65 - 691,188574614
70 - 74786337449
75 - 79526204322
80 years and over586189397

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
47,175[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
13,371[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
3.5 on average[1, 2]
Share of Nueva Ecija, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
1.97%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
33.5% (15,823 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
23,387 men, 22,514 women[33]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202447,175[1, 2]0.65% a year13,3713.5
2020as of May 1, 202045,917[1]1.00% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201543,788[1]1.29% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201040,931[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then36,832[31]1.03% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders34,190[31, 32]2.84% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then29,996[31]1.65% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then27,481[31]1.77% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then23,050[31]0.84% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then22,106[31]2.02% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then20,005[31]2.54% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then15,482[31]———

Barangays

Lupao is made up of 24 barangays.
Barangays of Lupao. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Agupalo Este1,5043.19%0.31% a yearabout 3.59 km²Rural
Agupalo Weste1,9704.18%2.35% a yearabout 4.43 km²Rural
Alalay Chica8821.87%−1.06% a yearabout 1.79 km²Rural
Alalay Grande1,7243.65%−0.72% a yearabout 5.66 km²Urban
Bagong Flores4,0338.55%0.37% a yearabout 1.96 km²Urban
Balbalungao2,5965.5%1.36% a yearabout 8.61 km²Rural
Burgos1,5653.32%−0.08% a yearabout 5.48 km²Rural
Cordero1,1362.41%1.33% a yearabout 2.09 km²Rural
J. U. Tienzo1,5543.29%−3.68% a yearabout 0.563 km²Rural
Mapangpang7041.49%0.41% a yearabout 3.77 km²Rural
Namulandayan2,0944.44%0.42% a yearabout 13.27 km²Rural
Parista4,6149.78%0.87% a yearabout 16.54 km²Urban
Poblacion East9462.01%5.22% a yearabout 0.317 km²Rural
Poblacion North5611.19%−0.21% a yearabout 0.24 km²Rural
Poblacion South1,6383.47%−0.89% a yearabout 0.237 km²Rural
Poblacion West1,2622.68%−2.24% a yearabout 0.28 km²Rural
Salvacion I2,0494.34%−0.50% a yearabout 6.43 km²Rural
Salvacion II2,0364.32%3.03% a yearabout 4.83 km²Rural
San Antonio Este2,3254.93%1.46% a yearabout 3.70 km²Rural
San Antonio Weste1,8653.95%0.55% a yearabout 4.18 km²Rural
San Isidro5,45211.56%0.96% a yearabout 12.24 km²Urban
San Pedro1,9564.15%4.01% a yearabout 3.65 km²Rural
San Roque1,9734.18%0.59% a yearabout 7.24 km²Rural
Santo Domingo7361.56%0.76% a yearabout 6.32 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Lupao covers 120.78 km² of land, 391 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 628 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
120.78 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
391 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
15.85960° N, 120.91699° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[28]
Lowest
68 m
Average
154 m
Highest
628 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[29]

  1. Karayogan River8.1 of 32.2 km
  2. Baliwag River0.6 of 43.2 km

Peaks[29]

  1. Burgosvolcano130 m

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I[30]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

Life & Economy

About 16 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
16.3% of people[18]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
2nd class[4]
About 16 of every 100 people in Lupao lived below the poverty line in 2021 (16.3%)[18]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 13.9% and 18.7%, with 90% confidence.

Public places

  • 1government office
  • 27schools
  • 3places of worship
  • 1market

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Lupao. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[11, 12]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
2nd district of Nueva Ecija[16, 17]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Glenda Pader Romano[19]
    Vice mayor
    Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[19]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[20]
    Vice mayor
    Glenda Pader Romano[20]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[21]
    Vice mayor
    Nel Arms Ramirez Mendoza[21]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[22]
    Vice mayor
    Robert Domingo Ganayo[22]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Richard Mejia Ramos[23]
    Vice mayor
    Manuel Fernandez Vendivil[23]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Richard Mejia Ramos[24]
    Vice mayor
    Manuel Fernandez Vendivil[24]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Alfredo Manuel Vendivil Sr.[25]
    Vice mayor
    Virgilio Tomas Vendivil Sr.[25]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Alexander Joanino[26]
    Vice mayor
    Ernesto De Guzman[26]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Alfredo M. Vendivil[27]
    Vice mayor
    Francisco U. De Guzman[27]
Mayors and vice mayors of Lupao, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Glenda Pader Romano[19]Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[19]
2022–2025Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[20]Glenda Pader Romano[20]
2019–2022Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[21]Nel Arms Ramirez Mendoza[21]
2016–2019Alex Rommel Velarde Romano[22]Robert Domingo Ganayo[22]
2013–2016Richard Mejia Ramos[23]Manuel Fernandez Vendivil[23]
2010–2013Richard Mejia Ramos[24]Manuel Fernandez Vendivil[24]
2007–2010Alfredo Manuel Vendivil Sr.[25]Virgilio Tomas Vendivil Sr.[25]
2004–2007Alexander Joanino[26]Ernesto De Guzman[26]
2001–2004Alfredo M. Vendivil[27]Francisco U. De Guzman[27]

History & Identity

Timeline

  1. 7 December 1926

    Act No. 3336 lists Lupao among the municipalities of the first district of Nueva Ecija.[9]

  2. 20 December 1947 (effective 1 January 1948)

    Executive Order No. 113 took barrio Sampaloc and sitio Maasin from Lupao (with land from Cuyapo, Guimba and Munoz) to form Talugtug, effective 1 January 1948.[10]

Nearby

Lupao shares a border with 5 places.

How it compares

Lupao beside Nueva Ecija, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija.

Lupao beside Nueva Ecija
FigureLupaoNueva EcijaRank among the cities and municipalities of Nueva Ecija
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary47,175[1, 2]2,395,81621st of 32
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.65% a year[1, 2]slower0.88% a year22nd of 32
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary391[6]less crowded47622nd of 32
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary120.78 km²[6]5,036.88 km²17th of 32
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary3.5[1, 2]about the same3.5not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary33.5%[5]lower43.6%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Palayan City, the capital of Nueva Ecija
52.1 km southeast
Manila
141.4 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. San Jose CityNueva Ecija11.0 km southeast
  2. UminganPangasinan11.8 km west
  3. Science City of MuñozNueva Ecija12.7 km south
  4. TalugtugNueva Ecija15.9 km southwest
  5. San QuintinPangasinan18.6 km northwest
  6. LlaneraNueva Ecija21.0 km southeast

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Central Luzon (OpenSTAT table 0031A6DTPH2). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Philippine Legislature (via The LawPhil Project). Act No. 3336: An Act to amend sections 116 and 123 of the Administrative Code. Published December 7, 1926. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Office of the President (via The LawPhil Project - Arellano Law Foundation). Executive Order No. 113 (20 December 1947). Published December 20, 1947. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  14. 14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  15. 15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  16. 16.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  19. 19.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  20. 20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  29. 29.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  30. 30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Lupao, Nueva Ecija.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/nueva-ecija/lupao