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Province

Zambales

Zambales is a province in the Central Luzon region of Luzon, Philippines. Its population was 681,225 in the 2024 census, and it has 1 city and 13 municipalities.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 8, 2026
A pale-sand cove under steep green hills, with outrigger boats on clear turquoise water.
Anawangin Cove, in San Antonio.Photo: “The nature adventure 02” by Dockeng, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons; resized by Scene. Scene's copy is shared under the same licence.

  • PeopleSources

    681,225

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 27.5% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    6th

    of the 7 provinces of Central Luzon by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 5 of every 100 people in Central Luzon lived in Zambales in 2024 (5.24%)

  • Inside itSources

    14

    cities and municipalities

    247 barangays

  • LandSources

    3,830.65 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Zambales's land would fill a square about 61.9 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 178 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 2 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    180,830

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    3.8 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    50.9%

    About 51 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0307100000[4]Formerly 037100000

People

Zambales had 681,225 people in the 2024 census, up 27.5% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Zambales had the 6th most people of the 7 provinces of Central Luzon in 2024[1]
  1. 1Bulacan3,876,806
  2. 2Pampanga2,586,446
  3. 3Nueva Ecija2,395,816
  4. 4Tarlac1,568,162
  5. 5Bataan891,440
  6. 6Zambales681,225
  7. 7Aurora240,824
All 7 provinces of Central Luzon
Of every 100 people in Zambales in 2024[1]

The PSA counts Zambales without Olongapo City, which is a highly urbanized city and is counted on its own, as in every province.[1]

Age structure · 2024 Census[5]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 26 of every 100 are children under 15 (26.3%)
  • About 66 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (66.3%)
  • About 8 of every 100 are 65 or older (7.5%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
Under 550,10225,84424,258
5 - 961,66232,16529,497
10 - 1466,78234,51532,267
15 - 1964,89133,54031,351
20 - 2460,49631,43329,063
25 - 2954,42827,73626,692
30 - 3452,39126,54525,846
35 - 3947,61424,26523,349
40 - 4442,74121,52221,219
45 - 4936,54418,43518,109
50 - 5434,37317,36517,008
55 - 5930,50015,21415,286
60 - 6426,56413,13413,430
65 - 6920,3899,61410,775
70 - 7414,0636,2097,854
75 - 798,6973,4435,254
80 - 844,4031,4332,970
85 and over3,4078452,562

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
681,225[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
180,830[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
3.8 on average[1, 2]
Share of Central Luzon, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
5.24%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
50.9% (346,619 people)[6]
Men and women, 2024
343,257 men, 336,790 women[5]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 2024681,225[1, 2]1.15% a year180,8303.8
2020as of May 1, 2020649,615[1]2.01% a year——
2015as of August 1, 2015590,848[1]1.93% a year——
2010as of May 1, 2010534,443[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then493,085[33]1.79% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders433,542[33, 34]2.32% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then389,512[33]0.98% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then369,665[33]2.54% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then287,607[33]1.33% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then269,171[33]2.74% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then235,249[33]3.34% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then168,112[33]———

Cities and municipalities

Zambales is made up of 13 municipalities and Olongapo City, with 247 barangays in all. Olongapo City lies within it but governs itself apart from the province.
Colour byColours the map of Zambales by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
BataanPampangaPangasinanTarlacBotolan: 70,340 people, 89 per km², 1.27% a yearCabangan: 29,334 people, 169 per km², 1.02% a yearCandelaria: 32,182 people, 116 per km², 1.49% a yearCastillejos: 70,105 people, 751 per km², 0.77% a yearOlongapo City: 264,903 people, 1,727 per km², 0.42% a yearIba: 59,580 people, 274 per km², 1.68% a yearMasinloc: 56,579 people, 110 per km², 0.89% a yearPalauig: 43,250 people, 181 per km², 2.02% a yearSan Antonio: 38,617 people, 225 per km², 0.74% a yearSan Felipe: 26,081 people, 230 per km², 0.99% a yearSan Marcelino: 39,542 people, 104 per km², 1.14% a yearSan Narciso: 32,180 people, 368 per km², 1.09% a yearSanta Cruz: 66,647 people, 131 per km², 1.04% a yearSubic: 116,788 people, 453 per km², 1.03% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 20,000
  • 20,000 to 31,000
  • 31,000 to 45,000
  • 45,000 to 76,000
  • 76,000 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 140
  • 140 to 250
  • 250 to 390
  • 390 to 750
  • 750 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap
Cities and municipalities of Zambales. Each column heading sorts the table.
Kind[1, 7]Share (2024)
BotolanMunicipality70,34010.33%1.27% a year794.75 km²
CabanganMunicipality29,3344.31%1.02% a year173.38 km²
CandelariaMunicipality32,1824.72%1.49% a year278.02 km²
CastillejosMunicipality70,10510.29%0.77% a year93.30 km²
Olongapo CityHighly urbanized city264,903counted on its own0.42% a year153.35 km²
IbaMunicipality59,5808.75%1.68% a year217.07 km²
MasinlocMunicipality56,5798.31%0.89% a year514.01 km²
PalauigMunicipality43,2506.35%2.02% a year239.42 km²
San AntonioMunicipality38,6175.67%0.74% a year171.77 km²
San FelipeMunicipality26,0813.83%0.99% a year113.38 km²
San MarcelinoMunicipality39,5425.8%1.14% a year379.95 km²
San NarcisoMunicipality32,1804.72%1.09% a year87.39 km²
Santa CruzMunicipality66,6479.78%1.04% a year510.21 km²
SubicMunicipality116,78817.14%1.03% a year258.00 km²

Land & Environment

Zambales covers 3,830.65 km² of land, 178 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 2,036 m above the sea and it has 314.6 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
3,830.65 km²[7]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
178 people per km²[7]
Coordinates
15.15014° N, 120.20054° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[29]
Lowest
Sea level
Average
361 m
Highest
2,036 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

314.6 km of coastline[30]

Rivers[30]

  1. Pamatawan River40.8 km
  2. Cabaluan River40.3 of 41.4 km
  3. Marella Riverdries up39.2 km
  4. Bucao Riverdries up35.8 km
  5. Tambac River33.9 km
  6. Marangla River33.1 of 33.3 km
  7. Maloma River27.3 of 27.4 km
  8. Santo Tomas Riverdries up26.6 of 26.7 km

The longest inside it: 60 in all.

Lakes[30]

  1. Mapanuepe Lake5.9 km²
  2. Lake Pinatubo1.7 km²

Peaks[30]

  1. Mount Tapulao2,034 m
  2. Mount Sawtooth1,653 m
  3. Mount Negron1,577 m
  4. Mount Pinatubovolcano1,445 m
  5. Mount Dome1,340 m
  6. Mount Cuadrado1,324 m

The highest: 95 in all.

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I[31]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Iba, the nearest PAGASA station, 32 km away[32]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 3,552 mm of rain on 121 days a year; 27.3 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Iba, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January5 mm226.1 °C30.9 °C21.3 °C
February9 mm226.4 °C31.2 °C21.6 °C
March15 mm327.2 °C31.9 °C22.5 °C
April41 mm428.6 °C33.2 °C24.0 °C
May247 mm1028.5 °C32.8 °C24.2 °C
June495 mm1727.8 °C31.8 °C23.9 °C
July857 mm2227.0 °C30.6 °C23.4 °C
August929 mm2326.7 °C30.1 °C23.3 °C
September612 mm1926.9 °C30.4 °C23.4 °C
October255 mm1127.5 °C31.4 °C23.5 °C
November65 mm527.4 °C31.6 °C23.2 °C
December21 mm326.9 °C31.3 °C22.5 °C
The year3,552 mm12127.3 °C31.4 °C23.1 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 6 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

Zambales's economy made ₱121.6 billion of goods and services in 2025, ₱180,134 for each person. About 19 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2023.
Economy, 2025Gross domestic productThe value of all the goods and services made in a place in a year: the size of its economy. The PSA measures it for every region, province and highly urbanized city. Counted at 2018 prices, it leaves out the rise in prices, so one year can be set beside another.More in the glossary
₱121.6 billion[16]Its gross domestic product at current prices; ₱99.9 billion at 2018 prices. It leaves out Olongapo City, which the PSA counts apart.
Growth, 2024–2025
3.4%[17]How much more it made than the year before, at 2018 prices.
For each person, 2025
₱180,134[18]Its economy divided by its projected population, at current prices, as the PSA works it out.
Poverty, 2023Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
19.2% of people[19]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's survey.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 19 of every 100 people in Zambales lived below the poverty line in 2023 (19.2%)[19]

The PSA's survey puts it between 15.7% and 22.6%, with 95% confidence. The poverty line was ₱39,714 a person for the year. As the PSA counts it, without the City of Olongapo.

Public places

  • 197government offices
  • 55hospitals and health centres
  • 429schools
  • 169places of worship
  • 23markets
  • 18stations and terminals
  • 19parks
  • 21beaches
  • 14monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Each town's page lists its own; this page lists the stations, parks, beaches and monuments.

Where a kind has more than 8, this page shows 6: first those with “Zambales” in their name, then one in each of its most populous cities and municipalities.

Stations and terminals14

8 more stations and terminals are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 14 cities and municipalities of Zambales

Parks16

10 more parks are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 14 cities and municipalities of Zambales

Beaches15

9 more beaches are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 14 cities and municipalities of Zambales

Monuments and memorials12

6 more monuments and memorials are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 14 cities and municipalities of Zambales

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A governor leads Zambales. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (the provincial board), led by the vice governor. The governor, the vice governor and the board's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[13, 14]

Capital
Iba[4]

2 legislative districtsLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary[15]

Each district elects one member of the House of Representatives. These are the districts as the laws drew them for the 2025 elections.

1st district

2nd district

Leaders

The governor and vice governor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Governor
    Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[20]
    Vice governor
    Jaqueline Rose Ferrer Khonghun[20]

  2. 2022–2025

    Governor
    Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[21]
    Vice governor
    Jacqueline Rose Ferrer Khonghun[21]

  3. 2019–2022

    Governor
    Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[22]
    Vice governor
    Jefferson Ferrer Khonghun[22]

  4. 2016–2019

    Governor
    Amor Dominado Deloso[23]
    Vice governor
    Angelica Magsaysay Cheng[23]

  5. 2013–2016

    Governor
    Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[24]
    Vice governor
    Ramon Groesbeck Lacbain II[24]

  6. 2010–2013

    Governor
    Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[25]
    Vice governor
    Ramon Groesbeck Lacbain II[25]

  7. 2007–2010

    Governor
    Amor Dominado Deloso[26]
    Vice governor
    Anne Marie Cuñada Gordon[26]

  8. 2004–2007

    Governor
    Vicente Pulido Magsaysay[27]
    Vice governor
    Ramon Groesbeck Lacbain II[27]

  9. 2001–2004

    Governor
    Vicente P. Magsaysay[28]
    Vice governor
    Ramon G. Lacbain II[28]
Governors and vice governors of Zambales, by term
TermGovernorVice governor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[20]Jaqueline Rose Ferrer Khonghun[20]
2022–2025Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[21]Jacqueline Rose Ferrer Khonghun[21]
2019–2022Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[22]Jefferson Ferrer Khonghun[22]
2016–2019Amor Dominado Deloso[23]Angelica Magsaysay Cheng[23]
2013–2016Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[24]Ramon Groesbeck Lacbain II[24]
2010–2013Hermogenes Edejer Ebdane Jr.[25]Ramon Groesbeck Lacbain II[25]
2007–2010Amor Dominado Deloso[26]Anne Marie Cuñada Gordon[26]
2004–2007Vicente Pulido Magsaysay[27]Ramon Groesbeck Lacbain II[27]
2001–2004Vicente P. Magsaysay[28]Ramon G. Lacbain II[28]

History & Identity

Zambales's fiesta and days

Everything listed for Zambales in Now

Its story

In a study published in 1904, William Allan Reed of the Ethnological Survey wrote that Zambales merited the title it bore, the "shoestring province": it stretched more than 120 miles along the western coast of Luzon and averaged no more than 25 miles wide.[9]

The Zambales mountains, with Mount Pinatubo then counted their highest peak, form its whole eastern side and cut it off from Pangasinan, Tarlac and Pampanga. Subic Bay, Reed wrote, was the only anchorage on its stormy coast where larger ships were safe from typhoons.[9]

Spanish accounts credit Juan de Salcedo with the first Spanish expedition there: he left Manila on 20 May 1572 with forty-five soldiers and reached Bolinao, then part of Zambales, three days later.[9, 10]

Augustinian friars settled at Bolinao and Mariveles in 1584, and one of them, Esteban Martin, was the first to learn the Zambal language. Between 1607 and 1680 the Recollects founded missions at Agno, Balincaguin, Bolinao, Cabangan, Iba, Masinloc and Santa Cruz, and in 1680 the Dominicans took up the work.[9]

Ilocano settlers, drawn by its fertile valleys, founded several of its towns. By 1904 Tagalog was the main language of Olongapo and Subic, Ilocano of San Marcelino, San Antonio, San Narciso and San Felipe, and Zambal of Cabangan, Botolan, Iba, Palauig, Masinloc, Candelaria and Santa Cruz.[9]

Shortly before 1904 an act of the Philippine Commission joined the province's northern part, above Santa Cruz, to Pangasinan.[9]

Timeline

  1. 20 May 1572

    Juan de Salcedo's expedition leaves Manila for the coast that became Zambales.[9, 10]

  2. 1584

    Augustinian friars settle at Bolinao and Mariveles.[9]

  3. 1607 to 1680

    Recollect missions are founded at Cabangan, Iba, Masinloc, Santa Cruz and other towns.[9]

  4. 1680

    The Dominicans take up the missions.[9]

  5. 28 August 1901

    Act No. 211 extends the Provincial Government Act to Zambales, with Iba as its capital as before; the provincial government is organized from 10 September 1901.[11]

  6. 1 January 1904

    Under Act No. 1004, enacted 21 November 1903, the northern towns of Alaminos, Bolinao, San Isidro and Infanta pass to Pangasinan, and the rest continues as Zambales.[9, 12]

Nearby

Zambales shares a border with Bataan, Pampanga, Pangasinan and Tarlac.

How it compares

Zambales beside Central Luzon, and where it stands among the provinces of Central Luzon.

Zambales beside Central Luzon
FigureZambalesCentral LuzonRank among the provinces of Central Luzon
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary681,225[1, 2]12,989,0746th of 7
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary1.15% a year[1, 2]faster1.08% a year2nd of 7
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary178[7]less crowded5746th of 7
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary3,830.65 km²[7]22,648.03 km²3rd of 7
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary3.8[1, 2]higher3.7not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary50.9%[6]lower66.2%not ranked

Sources

Page updated October 8, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Central Luzon (OpenSTAT table 0031A6DTPH2). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Household Population by Age-Group Region, Province, and Highly Urbanized City: Philippines, 2024 Census of Population (OpenSTAT table 0201A6DPAG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.William Allan Reed, Bureau of Public Printing, Manila. Negritos of Zambales (Ethnological Survey Publications, vol. II, part I). Published 1904. Read by Scene October 1, 2026. Public domain (published 1904), read in Project Gutenberg's edition. Open the source
  10. 10.Manuel Buzeta and Felipe Bravo. Diccionario geográfico, estadístico, histórico de las Islas Filipinas, vol. II. Published 1850. Read by Scene October 1, 2026. Public domain (published 1850). As cited by William Allan Reed, Bureau of Public Printing, Manila.
  11. 11.United States Philippine Commission. Act No. 211: An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act and Its Amendments to the Province of Zambales. Published August 28, 1901. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Philippine Commission. Act No. 1004: An Act Annexing the Northern Part of the Province of Zambales to the Province of Pangasinan and Providing that the Southern Part thereof Shall Continue as a Separate Province Under the Name of Zambales. Published November 21, 1903. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0012A5FPPA0). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  17. 17.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC, Growth Rates (OpenSTAT table 0032A5FPPA2). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  18. 18.Philippine Statistics Authority. Per Capita Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0092A5FPPA8). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  19. 19.Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Table 2a. Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold and Poverty Incidence Among Population with Measures of Precision, by Region, Province and Highly Urbanized Cities: 2018, 2021, and 2023 (OpenSTAT table 0041F3DF02A). Published August 15, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  20. 20.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 10, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECTED MEMBER, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES"). Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  29. 29.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  30. 30.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  34. 34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Zambales.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 8, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/zambales