Skip to content

Province

Surigao del Sur

Surigao del Sur is a province in the Caraga region of Mindanao, Philippines. Its population was 648,858 in the 2024 census, and it has 2 cities and 17 municipalities.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 2, 2026
A wide, tiered waterfall in green forest, its water blurred to silk as it runs over rocks in the foreground, under a blue sky.
Tinuy-an Falls, in Bislig.Photo: “TINUY-AN” by Rollymagpayo, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; resized by Scene. Scene's copy is shared under the same licence.

  • PeopleSources

    648,858

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 15.6% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    2nd

    of the 5 provinces of Caraga by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 23 of every 100 people in Caraga lived in Surigao del Sur in 2024 (22.65%)

  • Inside itSources

    19

    cities and municipalities

    310 barangays

  • LandSources

    5,692.86 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Surigao del Sur's land would fill a square about 75.5 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 114 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 1 person per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    157,033

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.1 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    34.5%

    About 35 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
1606800000[4]Formerly 166800000

People

Surigao del Sur had 648,858 people in the 2024 census, up 15.6% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Surigao del Sur had the 2nd most people of the 5 provinces of Caraga in 2024[1]
  1. 1Agusan del Sur740,531
  2. 2Surigao del Sur648,858
  3. 3Surigao del Norte565,644
  4. 4Agusan del Norte404,100
  5. 5Dinagat Islands120,533
All 5 provinces of Caraga
Of every 100 people in Surigao del Sur in 2024[1]
Age structure · 2024 Census[5]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 30 of every 100 are children under 15 (29.7%)
  • About 64 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (63.5%)
  • About 7 of every 100 are 65 or older (6.9%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
Under 553,55327,85925,694
5 - 966,04833,97232,076
10 - 1472,03737,57034,467
15 - 1965,12733,53531,592
20 - 2456,83929,23427,605
25 - 2949,24225,53623,706
30 - 3447,66024,96022,700
35 - 3941,55622,26919,287
40 - 4436,66919,64417,025
45 - 4932,06816,67215,396
50 - 5430,41415,50714,907
55 - 5926,83413,44313,391
60 - 6423,78511,78312,002
65 - 6917,7918,5939,198
70 - 7412,3765,7576,619
75 - 797,0802,9384,142
80 - 844,1971,6002,597
85 and over2,8459131,932

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
648,858[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
157,033[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.1 on average[1, 2]
Share of Caraga, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
22.65%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
34.5% (223,991 people)[6]
Men and women, 2024
331,785 men, 314,336 women[5]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 2024648,858[1, 2]0.25% a year157,0334.1
2020as of May 1, 2020642,255[1]1.72% a year——
2015as of August 1, 2015592,250[1]1.03% a year——
2010as of May 1, 2010561,219[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then545,902[41]1.17% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders501,808[41, 42]1.35% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then471,263[41]0.78% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then452,098[41]1.81% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then377,647[41]4.55% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then302,305[41]3.17% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then258,680[41]4.49% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then165,016[41]———

Cities and municipalities

Surigao del Sur is made up of 17 municipalities and 2 cities, with 310 barangays in all.
Colour byColours the map of Surigao del Sur by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
Agusan del NorteAgusan del SurDavao OrientalSurigao del NorteBarobo: 53,729 people, 226 per km², 0.26% a yearBayabas: 9,016 people, 233 per km², 0.10% a yearCagwait: 22,305 people, 151 per km², 0.61% a yearCantilan: 34,233 people, 202 per km², 0.12% a yearCarmen: 11,859 people, 41 per km², 0.28% a yearCarrascal: 25,672 people, 78 per km², 1.04% a yearBislig City: 99,872 people, 277 per km², 0.14% a yearTandag City: 63,098 people, 358 per km², 0.16% a yearCortes: 18,023 people, 138 per km², 0.13% a yearHinatuan: 44,475 people, 127 per km², 0.34% a yearLanuza: 13,750 people, 47 per km², 0.19% a yearLianga: 34,213 people, 131 per km², 0.24% a yearLingig: 35,203 people, 77 per km², 0.04% a yearMadrid: 16,872 people, 137 per km², 0.31% a yearMarihatag: 19,730 people, 56 per km², 0.35% a yearSan Agustin: 23,612 people, 67 per km², 0.78% a yearSan Miguel: 41,942 people, 60 per km², 0.08% a yearTagbina: 41,157 people, 77 per km², 0.06% a yearTago: 40,097 people, 104 per km², 0.16% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 20,000
  • 20,000 to 31,000
  • 31,000 to 45,000
  • 45,000 to 76,000
  • 76,000 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 140
  • 140 to 250
  • 250 to 390
  • 390 to 750
  • 750 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap
Cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur. Each column heading sorts the table.
Kind[1, 7]Share (2024)
BaroboMunicipality53,7298.28%0.26% a year237.76 km²
BayabasMunicipality9,0161.39%0.10% a year38.68 km²
CagwaitMunicipality22,3053.44%0.61% a year148.20 km²
CantilanMunicipality34,2335.28%0.12% a year169.84 km²
CarmenMunicipality11,8591.83%0.28% a year291.44 km²
CarrascalMunicipality25,6723.96%1.04% a year330.65 km²
Bislig CityComponent city99,87215.39%0.14% a year360.64 km²
Tandag CityComponent city63,0989.72%0.16% a year176.21 km²
CortesMunicipality18,0232.78%0.13% a year130.60 km²
HinatuanMunicipality44,4756.85%0.34% a year350.66 km²
LanuzaMunicipality13,7502.12%0.19% a year292.27 km²
LiangaMunicipality34,2135.27%0.24% a year261.07 km²
LingigMunicipality35,2035.43%0.04% a year455.32 km²
MadridMunicipality16,8722.6%0.31% a year122.79 km²
MarihatagMunicipality19,7303.04%0.35% a year352.66 km²
San AgustinMunicipality23,6123.64%0.78% a year351.44 km²
San MiguelMunicipality41,9426.46%0.08% a year700.59 km²
TagbinaMunicipality41,1576.34%0.06% a year535.53 km²
TagoMunicipality40,0976.18%0.16% a year386.51 km²

Land & Environment

Surigao del Sur covers 5,692.86 km² of land, 114 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 1,313 m above the sea and it has 711.7 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
5,692.86 km²[7]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
114 people per km²[7]
Coordinates
8.88349° N, 126.11069° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[38]
Lowest
Sea level
Average
201 m
Highest
1,313 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

711.7 km of coastline[39]

Rivers[39]

  1. Tago River81.8 of 88.3 km
  2. Hinatuan River78.3 of 80.7 km
  3. Tandag River48.2 of 48.7 km
  4. Carac-an River45.3 of 51.7 km
  5. Hubo River30.8 km
  6. Bislig River29.7 of 37.9 km
  7. Ticabong River26.5 km
  8. Carrascal River24.3 km

The longest inside it: 16 in all.

Lakes[39]

  1. Lake 770.53 km²

Peaks[39]

  1. Mount Diwata720 m
  2. Cagwait Hill270 m

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type II[40]

No dry season. The rain is heaviest from December to February, and no month is truly dry.

Covers about 95 of every 100 parts of its land. Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

Life & Economy

Surigao del Sur's economy made ₱95.1 billion of goods and services in 2025, ₱141,344 for each person. About 16 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2023.
Economy, 2025Gross domestic productThe value of all the goods and services made in a place in a year: the size of its economy. The PSA measures it for every region, province and highly urbanized city. Counted at 2018 prices, it leaves out the rise in prices, so one year can be set beside another.More in the glossary
₱95.1 billion[25]Its gross domestic product at current prices; ₱73.7 billion at 2018 prices.
Growth, 2024–2025
5.2%[26]How much more it made than the year before, at 2018 prices.
For each person, 2025
₱141,344[27]Its economy divided by its projected population, at current prices, as the PSA works it out.
Poverty, 2023Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
16.2% of people[28]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's survey.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 16 of every 100 people in Surigao del Sur lived below the poverty line in 2023 (16.2%)[28]

The PSA's survey puts it between 12.7% and 19.7%, with 95% confidence. The poverty line was ₱28,997 a person for the year.

The PSA notes: Those with CVs higher than 10% in 2023 poverty incidence among population should be used with caution.

Public places

  • 411government offices
  • 26hospitals and health centres
  • 551schools
  • 48places of worship
  • 17markets
  • 22stations and terminals
  • 10parks
  • 3beaches
  • 3monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Each town's page lists its own; this page lists the stations, parks, beaches and monuments.

Where a kind has more than 8, this page shows 6: first those with “Surigao del Sur” in their name, then one in each of its most populous cities and municipalities.

Stations and terminals22

16 more stations and terminals are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur

Parks10

4 more parks are listed on the pages of the cities and municipalities they stand in. See the 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur

Beaches3

Monuments and memorials3

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A governor leads Surigao del Sur. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (the provincial board), led by the vice governor. The governor, the vice governor and the board's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[22, 23]

Capital
Tandag City[4]

2 legislative districtsLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary[24]

Each district elects one member of the House of Representatives. These are the districts as the laws drew them for the 2025 elections.

1st district

2nd district

Leaders

The governor and vice governor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Governor
    Johnny Ty Pimentel[29]
    Vice governor
    Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[29]

  2. 2022–2025

    Governor
    Alexander Ty Pimentel[30]
    Vice governor
    Manuel Osorio Alameda[30]

  3. 2019–2022

    Governor
    Alexander Ty Pimentel[31]
    Vice governor
    Librado Cubil Navarro[31]

  4. 2016–2019

    Governor
    Vicente Ty Pimentel Jr.[32]
    Vice governor
    Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[32]

  5. 2013–2016

    Governor
    Johnny Ty Pimentel[33]
    Vice governor
    Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[33]

  6. 2010–2013

    Governor
    Johnny Ty Pimentel[34]
    Vice governor
    Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[34]

  7. 2007–2010

    Governor
    Vicente Ty Pimentel Jr.[35]
    Vice governor
    Librado Cubil Navarro[35]

  8. 2004–2007

    Governor
    Vicente Ty Pimentel Jr.[36]
    Vice governor
    Librado Cubil Navarro[36]

  9. 2001–2004

    Governor
    Vicente T. Pimentel Jr.[37]
    Vice governor
    Librado C. Navarro[37]
Governors and vice governors of Surigao del Sur, by term
TermGovernorVice governor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Johnny Ty Pimentel[29]Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[29]
2022–2025Alexander Ty Pimentel[30]Manuel Osorio Alameda[30]
2019–2022Alexander Ty Pimentel[31]Librado Cubil Navarro[31]
2016–2019Vicente Ty Pimentel Jr.[32]Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[32]
2013–2016Johnny Ty Pimentel[33]Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[33]
2010–2013Johnny Ty Pimentel[34]Manuel Osorio Alameda Sr.[34]
2007–2010Vicente Ty Pimentel Jr.[35]Librado Cubil Navarro[35]
2004–2007Vicente Ty Pimentel Jr.[36]Librado Cubil Navarro[36]
2001–2004Vicente T. Pimentel Jr.[37]Librado C. Navarro[37]

History & Identity

Surigao del Sur's fiesta and days

Everything listed for Surigao del Sur in Now

Created
Created by Republic Act No. 2786, approved and in effect on 19 June 1960, which divided the Province of Surigao into Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur[9, 10]

How it got its name

It is named after the old Province of Surigao: when Republic Act No. 2786 divided it in 1960, its southern towns became Surigao del Sur.[9]

Local traditionThe province's history traces the name Surigao to Saliagao, a native who lived near a river mouth when settlers came from the Visayas, and whose name they came to say as Surigao.[11, 12]

Local traditionOld folks also tell of Visayan fishermen who sheltered in a hut from the currents of Surigao Strait. The Mamanwa, fearing the strangers meant to seize it, cried agaw, and with suri put before it the word became Surigao.[11, 12]

Its story

In 1609 a Spanish force under Juan de Vega defeated the Caragans, as the people of Surigao were then known, and the royal fort of Tandag was built to garrison it. Spain made Caraga a district in 1622, with its capital at Tandag.[13, 14]

Sources differSources differ on when the fort fell. Surigao del Norte's older history tells of a four-month siege by Maguindanao forces under Datu Dumango that ended on 1 December 1754 with the whole garrison dead; its page on the province's creation says the fort collapsed in 1751, when the capital moved to the town of Surigao.[13, 14]

The old Province of Surigao, set up by Act No. 127 on 15 May 1901 with its capital at the town of Surigao, took in the whole Pacific coast of Mindanao from Surigao Strait to Mayo Bay, with the Agusan valley. In 1907 the valley was taken from it to make the Province of Agusan.[12, 15, 16, 17]

Republic Act No. 2786, written by Representative Reynaldo P. Honrado, divided Surigao in two on 19 June 1960. Its thirteen southern towns, from Carrascal to Lingig, became Surigao del Sur, with Tandag as the capital.[9, 11]

The province was organised and inaugurated at Tandag on 18 September 1960. Recaredo B. Castillo, appointed and then elected, was its first governor.[11, 12]

It keeps 19 June, the day the law was approved, as Araw ng Surigao del Sur, a holiday by a law of 1994. In 2018 it also marked 15 May, the day in 1901 the undivided province was set up, as the founding anniversary of "One Surigao".[10, 15, 18, 19]

Timeline

  1. 1609

    Juan de Vega's expedition defeats the Caragans; the fort of Tandag is built.[13]

  2. 1622

    Spain makes Caraga a district, with its capital at Tandag.[14]

  3. 1751 or 1754

    Sources differThe fort of Tandag falls; the sources differ on the year.[13, 14]

  4. March 1900

    American troops occupy Surigao.[16]

  5. 15 May 1901

    Act No. 127 extends the Provincial Government Act to Surigao.[15]

  6. 20 August 1907

    Act No. 1693 creates the Province of Agusan out of the Agusan valley.[17]

  7. 19 June 1960

    Republic Act No. 2786 creates Surigao del Sur, with Tandag as its capital.[9]

  8. 18 September 1960

    The province is inaugurated at Tandag.[11]

  9. 10 January 1994

    Republic Act No. 7671 makes 19 June Araw ng Surigao del Sur.[10]

  10. 16 August 2000

    Republic Act No. 8804 makes Bislig a city.[20]

  11. 15 March 2007

    Republic Act No. 9392 makes Tandag a city.[21]

Nearby

Surigao del Sur shares a border with Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Davao Oriental and Surigao del Norte.

How it compares

Surigao del Sur beside Caraga, and where it stands among the provinces of Caraga.

Surigao del Sur beside Caraga
FigureSurigao del SurCaragaRank among the provinces of Caraga
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary648,858[1, 2]2,865,1962nd of 5
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.25% a year[1, 2]slower0.51% a year3rd of 5
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary114[7]less crowded1314th of 5
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary5,692.86 km²[7]21,820.20 km²2nd of 5
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.1[1, 2]higher4.0not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary34.5%[6]lower38.9%not ranked

Sources

Page updated October 2, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024 : Region XIII (Caraga) (OpenSTAT table 0131A6DTHP2). Published August 3, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Household Population by Age-Group Region, Province, and Highly Urbanized City: Philippines, 2024 Census of Population (OpenSTAT table 0201A6DPAG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 2786: An Act to Create the Provinces of Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur. Published June 19, 1960. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7671: An Act Declaring June Nineteen of Every Year as 'Araw ng Surigao del Sur' and Special Nonworking Holiday in the Entire Province. Published January 10, 1994. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Provincial Tourism Office, Surigao del Sur. History. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Provincial Government of Surigao del Sur. History (as archived by the Internet Archive on 16 February 2013). Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Provincial Government of Surigao del Norte. History of Surigao, drawn from a book of the Surigao Provincial Historical Commission (as archived by the Internet Archive on 18 August 2018). Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.Provincial Government of Surigao del Norte. Creation of the Province of Surigao del Norte. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.United States Philippine Commission. Act No. 127: An Act Extending the Provisions of the Provincial Government Act to the Province of Surigao. Published May 15, 1901. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.United States Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Department (Government Printing Office, Washington). A Pronouncing Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary of the Philippine Islands. Published 1902. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain (a United States government work, published 1902), read in the Internet Archive's scan and its text. Open the source
  17. 17.Philippine Commission. Act No. 1693: An Act Creating the Province of Agusan and the Sub-Provinces of Butuan, Bukidnon and Batanes, Empowering the Provincial Board of Cagayan to Apply the Provisions of "the Township Government Act" to the Municipalities and Settlements of the Babuyanes Islands, and Providing that the Salaries of the Lieutenant-Governor of the Sub-Province of Apayao and of Any Duly Authorized Employees of Said Sub-Province Shall Be Payable from Insular Funds. Published August 20, 1907. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Office of the President of the Philippines. Proclamation No. 478, s. 2018: Declaring Tuesday, 15 May 2018, as a Special (Non-Working) Day in the Province of Surigao del Sur. Published May 2, 2018. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.Provincial Government of Surigao del Norte. 125th Adlaw nan Surigao: Founding Anniversary. Published 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  20. 20.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 8804: An Act Converting the Municipality of Bislig into a Component City to Be Known as the City of Bislig. Published August 16, 2000. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  21. 21.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 9392: Charter of the City of Tandag: an Act Converting the Municipality of Tandag in the Province of Surigao del Sur into a Component City to be known as the City of Tandag. Published March 15, 2007. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  22. 22.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  23. 23.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  24. 24.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  25. 25.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0012A5FPPA0). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  26. 26.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC, Growth Rates (OpenSTAT table 0032A5FPPA2). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  27. 27.Philippine Statistics Authority. Per Capita Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0092A5FPPA8). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  28. 28.Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Table 2a. Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold and Poverty Incidence Among Population with Measures of Precision, by Region, Province and Highly Urbanized Cities: 2018, 2021, and 2023 (OpenSTAT table 0041F3DF02A). Published August 15, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  29. 29.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  30. 30.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  31. 31.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  32. 32.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  33. 33.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  34. 34.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 10, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  35. 35.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  36. 36.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  37. 37.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECTED MEMBER, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES"). Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  38. 38.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  39. 39.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  40. 40.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  41. 41.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  42. 42.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

See something wrong on this page? Write to hello@scene.ph with the page address. We check every report against the source.

Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Surigao del Sur.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 2, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/surigao-del-sur