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Municipality

Carmen

Carmen is a municipality in Surigao del Sur, Caraga, Philippines. Its population was 11,859 in the 2024 census, and it has 8 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Carmen by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
LanuzaMadridSibagatAntao: 1,079 people, 687 per km², −1.41% a yearCancavan: 616 people, 106 per km², 2.44% a yearCarmen: 3,229 people, 617 per km², −0.62% a yearEsperanza: 808 people, 112 per km², −0.96% a yearPuyat: 1,501 people, 113 per km², 3.17% a yearSan Vicente: 833 people, 552 per km², 0.94% a yearSanta Cruz: 1,168 people, 671 per km², 1.52% a yearHinapoyan: 2,625 people, 21 per km², −0.20% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    11,859

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 15.3% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    18th

    of the 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 2 of every 100 people in Surigao del Sur lived in Carmen in 2024 (1.83%)

  • Inside itSources

    8

    barangays

  • LandSources

    291.44 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Carmen's land would fill a square about 17.1 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 41 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 1 person per 2 hectares if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    2,723

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.3 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    0%

    Fewer than 1 of every 1,000 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
1606806000[4]Formerly 166806000
ZIP code
8315[15]

People

Carmen had 11,859 people in the 2024 census, up 15.3% from 2010.
People at each census since 1975

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Carmen had the 18th most people of the 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur in 2024[1]
  1. 13Cagwait22,305
  2. 14Marihatag19,730
  3. 15Cortes18,023
  4. 16Madrid16,872
  5. 17Lanuza13,750
  6. 18Carmen11,859
  7. 19Bayabas9,016
All 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur
Its 8 barangays by people, 2024 Census[2]
  1. Carmen3,22927 in 100
  2. Hinapoyan2,62522 in 100
  3. Puyat1,50113 in 100
  4. Santa Cruz1,16810 in 100
  5. Antao1,0799 in 100
  6. San Vicente8337 in 100
  7. Esperanza8087 in 100
  8. Cancavan6165 in 100
Age structure · 2020 Census[35]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 31 of every 100 are children under 15 (30.7%)
  • About 62 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (61.9%)
  • About 7 of every 100 are 65 or older (7.4%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 41,098591507
5 - 91,271673598
10 - 141,224621603
15 - 191,152613539
20 - 241,053527526
25 - 29893468425
30 - 34762393369
35 - 39683386297
40 - 44623327296
45 - 49588303285
50 - 54563273290
55 - 59508261247
60 - 64413199214
65 - 69311158153
70 - 74234102132
75 - 791555996
80 years and over16452112

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
11,859[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
2,723[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.3 on average[1, 2]
Share of Surigao del Sur, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
1.83%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
0% (0 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
6,006 men, 5,689 women[35]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202411,859[1, 2]0.28% a year2,7234.3
2020as of May 1, 202011,720[1]2.66% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201510,347[1]0.11% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201010,287[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then10,078[33]0.74% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders9,551[33, 34]3.19% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then8,248[33]−1.18% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then8,787[33]1.16% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then7,827[33]6.91% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then5,602[33]———

Barangays

Carmen is made up of 8 barangays.
Barangays of Carmen. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Antao1,0799.1%−1.41% a yearabout 1.57 km²Rural
Cancavan6165.19%2.44% a yearabout 5.81 km²Rural
Carmen3,22927.23%−0.62% a yearabout 5.23 km²Rural
Esperanza8086.81%−0.96% a yearabout 7.22 km²Rural
Hinapoyan2,62522.14%−0.20% a yearabout 122.80 km²Rural
Puyat1,50112.66%3.17% a yearabout 13.30 km²Rural
San Vicente8337.02%0.94% a yearabout 1.51 km²Rural
Santa Cruz1,1689.85%1.52% a yearabout 1.74 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Carmen covers 291.44 km² of land, 41 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 1,244 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
291.44 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
41 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
9.16693° N, 125.87251° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[29]
Lowest
2 m
Average
459 m
Highest
1,244 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[30]

  1. Carac-an River1.6 of 51.7 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type II[31]

No dry season. The rain is heaviest from December to February, and no month is truly dry.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Butuan City, the nearest PAGASA station, 49 km away[32]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,126 mm of rain on 157 days a year; 28.1 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Butuan City, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January326 mm1826.6 °C30.2 °C23.0 °C
February235 mm1326.9 °C30.8 °C22.9 °C
March149 mm1327.6 °C31.8 °C23.3 °C
April117 mm1028.5 °C33.0 °C24.0 °C
May111 mm1129.2 °C33.7 °C24.7 °C
June174 mm1428.9 °C33.2 °C24.5 °C
July152 mm1328.5 °C32.7 °C24.3 °C
August114 mm1028.6 °C32.9 °C24.4 °C
September127 mm1028.6 °C32.9 °C24.2 °C
October170 mm1328.4 °C32.6 °C24.2 °C
November198 mm1527.8 °C31.7 °C23.8 °C
December252 mm1727.4 °C31.1 °C23.6 °C
The year2,126 mm15728.1 °C32.2 °C23.9 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 18 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 30 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
29.6% of people[18]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
4th class[4]
About 30 of every 100 people in Carmen lived below the poverty line in 2021 (29.6%)[18]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 21.0% and 38.1%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

  • 10government offices
  • 10schools
  • 1place of worship
  • 1market
  • 1station or terminal
  • 1park

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Carmen. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[13, 14]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
1st district of Surigao del Sur[16, 17]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Nestor Sumod-Ong Valeroso[19]
    Vice mayor
    Jane Valeroso Plaza[19]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Jane Valeroso Plaza[20]
    Vice mayor
    Harvey Sacay Manawatao[20]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Jane Valeroso Plaza[21]
    Vice mayor
    Daniel Azarcon Tejol[21]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Jane Valeroso Plaza[22]
    Vice mayor
    Teofila Garas Cabatuan[22]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Antonio Tupas Borda Jr.[23]
    Vice mayor
    Pablito Guimbal Laorden Sr.[23]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Antonio Tupas Borda Jr.[24]
    Vice mayor
    Pablito Guimbal Laorden[24]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Antonio Tupas Borda Jr.[25]
    Vice mayor
    Algerico Guardo Guiral[25]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Wenceslao Arreza[26]
    Vice mayor
    Pascasio Sullano[26]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Wenceslao R. Arreza[27]
    Vice mayor
    Samuel C. Acilo[27]
Mayors and vice mayors of Carmen, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Nestor Sumod-Ong Valeroso[19]Jane Valeroso Plaza[19]
2022–2025Jane Valeroso Plaza[20]Harvey Sacay Manawatao[20]
2019–2022Jane Valeroso Plaza[21]Daniel Azarcon Tejol[21]
2016–2019Jane Valeroso Plaza[22]Teofila Garas Cabatuan[22]
2013–2016Antonio Tupas Borda Jr.[23]Pablito Guimbal Laorden Sr.[23]
2010–2013Antonio Tupas Borda Jr.[24]Pablito Guimbal Laorden[24]
2007–2010Antonio Tupas Borda Jr.[25]Algerico Guardo Guiral[25]
2004–2007Wenceslao Arreza[26]Pascasio Sullano[26]
2001–2004Wenceslao R. Arreza[27]Samuel C. Acilo[27]

Before 2001

The heads of Carmen before COMELEC's lists begin, newest first, as the local government's own page lists them, with the office as that page writes it ("Not given" where it names no single office). "From" a year: the page gives only when the term began.

Heads of Carmen before 2001, newest first
YearsNameOffice
from 1980Wenceslao R. Arreza[28]Municipal Mayor

History & Identity

Created
Republic Act No. 6367, approved August 16, 1971, formed the municipality of Carmen out of Esperanza, Cancaban, Antao, Pu-yat, Santa Cruz, Malibho and Carmen, barrios that had been part of Lanuza, and it gained corporate existence following a plebiscite.[9]

How it got its name

Local traditionThe town's history page says Governor Gaudencio Garcia renamed Sitio Cabakhawan as Barangay Carmen in 1900, after his sweetheart.[11]

Its story

The town's history page says that before 1900 there was only Sitio Cabakhawan, part of Lanuza within Cantilan in the then-undivided province of Surigao.[11]

It says Boholano traders sailing along the Surigao coast in the 19th century stopped at the sitio and settled there, followed by settlers from Bohol, Leyte and Cebu.[11]

It says that in 1919 Lanuza organized as a municipality and Carmen came under it.[11]

Executive Order No. 197 of 1965 created Carmen as a municipality from seven barrios of Lanuza; the town's history page says the order was revoked after about three months.[11, 12]

Republic Act No. 6367 then created the municipality in 1971, and its first local elections were held on January 30, 1980.[9, 11]

Timeline

  1. 1900

    Local traditionSitio Cabakhawan was recognized as a barangay and renamed Carmen, per the town's history page.[11]

  2. 1919

    Lanuza organized as a municipality and Carmen fell under its jurisdiction, per the town's history page.[11]

  3. November 17, 1965

    Executive Order No. 197 created the municipality of Carmen out of barrios of Lanuza.[12]

  4. July 16, 1971

    Sources differThe town's own history page gives July 16, 1971 as the date the President signed the bill into Republic Act No. 6367, which differs from the law text.[11]

  5. August 16, 1971

    Sources differRepublic Act No. 6367 was approved, creating the municipality of Carmen (date as printed in the law text).[9]

  6. January 30, 1980

    First local elections for Carmen were held.[11]

Nearby

Carmen shares a border with Lanuza, Madrid and Sibagat.

How it compares

Carmen beside Surigao del Sur, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur.

Carmen beside Surigao del Sur
FigureCarmenSurigao del SurRank among the cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary11,859[1, 2]648,85818th of 19
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.28% a year[1, 2]faster0.25% a year7th of 19
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary41[6]less crowded11419th of 19
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary291.44 km²[6]5,692.86 km²11th of 19
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.3[1, 2]higher4.1not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary0%[5]lower34.5%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Tandag City, the capital of Surigao del Sur
30.6 km southeast
Manila
804.1 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. MadridSurigao del Sur8.2 km north
  2. LanuzaSurigao del Sur12.2 km east
  3. CantilanSurigao del Sur16.3 km northwest
  4. SantiagoAgusan del Norte20.0 km northwest
  5. Cabadbaran CityAgusan del Norte21.2 km west
  6. CarrascalSurigao del Sur24.1 km north

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024 : Region XIII (Caraga) (OpenSTAT table 0131A6DTHP2). Published August 3, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation. Republic Act No. 6367, An Act creating the Municipality of Carmen in the Province of Surigao del Sur. Published August 16, 1971. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Municipality of Carmen, Surigao del Sur. Official website. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Municipality of Carmen. History. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation. Executive Order No. 197, Creating the Municipality of Carmen in the Province of Surigao del Sur. Published November 17, 1965. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  16. 16.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  19. 19.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  20. 20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.carmensds.gov.ph. History | Municipality of Carmen. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  29. 29.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  30. 30.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  34. 34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  35. 35.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

See something wrong on this page? Write to hello@scene.ph with the page address. We check every report against the source.

Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Carmen, Surigao del Sur.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/surigao-del-sur/carmen