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Municipality

San Miguel

San Miguel is a municipality in Surigao del Sur, Caraga, Philippines. Its population was 41,942 in the 2024 census, and it has 18 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of San Miguel by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
Bayugan CityLanuzaLiangaMarihatagProsperidadSibagatTagoBagyang: 1,409 people, 18 per km², 0.38% a yearBaras: 1,345 people, 116 per km², −0.87% a yearBitaugan: 1,100 people, 17 per km², −4.86% a yearBolhoon: 5,767 people, 40 per km², 0.38% a yearCalatngan: 1,286 people, 25 per km², 1.45% a yearCarromata: 3,259 people, 232 per km², −0.26% a yearCastillo: 1,406 people, 37 per km², −0.46% a yearLibas Gua: 1,312 people, 112 per km², −0.70% a yearLibas Sud: 3,183 people, 50 per km², 1.93% a yearMagroyong: 2,372 people, 117 per km², 1.90% a yearMahayag: 1,755 people, 209 per km², −0.57% a yearPatong: 1,420 people, 167 per km², −0.96% a yearPoblacion: 3,186 people, 447 per km², −0.39% a yearSagbayan: 2,429 people, 184 per km², −0.99% a yearSan Roque: 3,467 people, 73 per km², −0.11% a yearSiagao: 1,751 people, 133 per km², 0.40% a yearUmalag: 1,420 people, 42 per km², 0.50% a yearTina: 4,075 people, 137 per km², 0.85% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    41,942

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 15.6% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    5th

    of the 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 6 of every 100 people in Surigao del Sur lived in San Miguel in 2024 (6.46%)

  • Inside itSources

    18

    barangays

  • LandSources

    700.59 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: San Miguel's land would fill a square about 26.5 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 60 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 1 person per 2 hectares if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    9,351

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.4 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    13.7%

    About 14 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
1606816000[4]Formerly 166816000
ZIP code
8301[14, 15, 16]

People

San Miguel had 41,942 people in the 2024 census, up 15.6% from 2010.
People at each census since 1970

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

San Miguel had the 5th most people of the 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur in 2024[1]
  1. 2Tandag City63,098
  2. 3Barobo53,729
  3. 4Hinatuan44,475
  4. 5San Miguel41,942
  5. 6Tagbina41,157
  6. 7Tago40,097
  7. 8Lingig35,203
All 19 cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 74 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. Bolhoon5,76714 in 100
  2. Tina4,07510 in 100
  3. San Roque3,4678 in 100
  4. Carromata3,2598 in 100
  5. Poblacion3,1868 in 100
  6. Libas Sud3,1838 in 100
  7. Sagbayan2,4296 in 100
  8. Magroyong2,3726 in 100
  9. Mahayag1,7554 in 100
  10. Siagao1,7514 in 100
See all 18 barangays of San Miguel
Age structure · 2020 Census[35]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 37 of every 100 are children under 15 (37%)
  • About 59 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (58.9%)
  • About 4 of every 100 are 65 or older (4.1%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 45,0312,5842,447
5 - 95,4222,7812,641
10 - 144,9482,4982,450
15 - 194,5062,3402,166
20 - 243,7131,8871,826
25 - 293,3691,7641,605
30 - 342,7571,5111,246
35 - 392,3781,3171,061
40 - 442,0151,108907
45 - 491,851957894
50 - 541,519791728
55 - 591,332700632
60 - 641,059551508
65 - 69724381343
70 - 74448221227
75 - 79280122158
80 years and over258107151

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
41,942[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
9,351[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.4 on average[1, 2]
Share of Surigao del Sur, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
6.46%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
13.7% (5,767 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
21,620 men, 19,990 women[35]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202441,942[1, 2]0.08% a year9,3514.4
2020as of May 1, 202041,809[1]1.29% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201539,340[1]1.55% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201036,287[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then32,737[33]2.24% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders27,883[33, 34]3.26% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then24,006[33]1.93% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then21,671[33]2.08% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then17,642[33]7.22% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then12,443[33]5.99% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then9,307[33]———

Barangays

San Miguel is made up of 18 barangays.
Barangays of San Miguel. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Bagyang1,4093.36%0.38% a yearabout 76.56 km²Rural
Baras1,3453.21%−0.87% a yearabout 11.61 km²Rural
Bitaugan1,1002.62%−4.86% a yearabout 63.15 km²Rural
Bolhoon5,76713.75%0.38% a yearabout 144.53 km²Urban
Calatngan1,2863.07%1.45% a yearabout 52.40 km²Rural
Carromata3,2597.77%−0.26% a yearabout 14.02 km²Rural
Castillo1,4063.35%−0.46% a yearabout 37.56 km²Rural
Libas Gua1,3123.13%−0.70% a yearabout 11.76 km²Rural
Libas Sud3,1837.59%1.93% a yearabout 63.69 km²Rural
Magroyong2,3725.66%1.90% a yearabout 20.34 km²Rural
Mahayag1,7554.18%−0.57% a yearabout 8.40 km²Rural
Patong1,4203.39%−0.96% a yearabout 8.51 km²Rural
Poblacion3,1867.6%−0.39% a yearabout 7.12 km²Rural
Sagbayan2,4295.79%−0.99% a yearabout 13.18 km²Rural
San Roque3,4678.27%−0.11% a yearabout 47.66 km²Rural
Siagao1,7514.17%0.40% a yearabout 13.17 km²Rural
Tina4,0759.72%0.85% a yearabout 29.67 km²Rural
Umalag1,4203.39%0.50% a yearabout 34.17 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

San Miguel covers 700.59 km² of land, 60 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 1,211 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
700.59 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
60 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
8.93869° N, 125.98417° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[29]
Lowest
4 m
Average
272 m
Highest
1,211 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[30]

  1. Tago River49.9 of 88.3 km
  2. Hubo River9.6 of 30.8 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type II[31]

No dry season. The rain is heaviest from December to February, and no month is truly dry.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Butuan City, the nearest PAGASA station, 55 km away[32]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,126 mm of rain on 157 days a year; 28.1 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Butuan City, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January326 mm1826.6 °C30.2 °C23.0 °C
February235 mm1326.9 °C30.8 °C22.9 °C
March149 mm1327.6 °C31.8 °C23.3 °C
April117 mm1028.5 °C33.0 °C24.0 °C
May111 mm1129.2 °C33.7 °C24.7 °C
June174 mm1428.9 °C33.2 °C24.5 °C
July152 mm1328.5 °C32.7 °C24.3 °C
August114 mm1028.6 °C32.9 °C24.4 °C
September127 mm1028.6 °C32.9 °C24.2 °C
October170 mm1328.4 °C32.6 °C24.2 °C
November198 mm1527.8 °C31.7 °C23.8 °C
December252 mm1727.4 °C31.1 °C23.6 °C
The year2,126 mm15728.1 °C32.2 °C23.9 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 18 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 38 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
38.1% of people[19]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 38 of every 100 people in San Miguel lived below the poverty line in 2021 (38.1%)[19]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 33.4% and 42.7%, with 90% confidence.

Public places

  • 23government offices
  • 5hospitals and health centres
  • 37schools
  • 1station or terminal

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads San Miguel. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[12, 13]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
1st district of Surigao del Sur[17, 18]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Michael Turtur Corilla[20]
    Vice mayor
    Alfeo Gemao Perez Jr.[20]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Michael Turtor Corilla[21]
    Vice mayor
    Reynaldo Feril Demoto[21]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Hazel Hofileña Elizalde[22]
    Vice mayor
    Rolmar Falcon Basalan[22]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Alvaro Sering Elizalde[23]
    Vice mayor
    Salvador Visperas Soriano[23]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Alvaro Sering Elizalde[24]
    Vice mayor
    Salvador Visperas Soriano[24]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Alfeo Gemao Perez Jr.[25]
    Vice mayor
    Asciencion Mangubat Aya-ay[25]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Alfeo Gemao Perez Jr.[26]
    Vice mayor
    Asciencion Mangubat Aya-ay[26]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Alfeo Perez Jr.[27]
    Vice mayor
    Asciencion Aya-ay[27]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Santos L. Nacaytuna[28]
    Vice mayor
    Salvador V. Soriano[28]
Mayors and vice mayors of San Miguel, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Michael Turtur Corilla[20]Alfeo Gemao Perez Jr.[20]
2022–2025Michael Turtor Corilla[21]Reynaldo Feril Demoto[21]
2019–2022Hazel Hofileña Elizalde[22]Rolmar Falcon Basalan[22]
2016–2019Alvaro Sering Elizalde[23]Salvador Visperas Soriano[23]
2013–2016Alvaro Sering Elizalde[24]Salvador Visperas Soriano[24]
2010–2013Alfeo Gemao Perez Jr.[25]Asciencion Mangubat Aya-ay[25]
2007–2010Alfeo Gemao Perez Jr.[26]Asciencion Mangubat Aya-ay[26]
2004–2007Alfeo Perez Jr.[27]Asciencion Aya-ay[27]
2001–2004Santos L. Nacaytuna[28]Salvador V. Soriano[28]

History & Identity

Created
Republic Act No. 3491, approved on 16 June 1962, created the municipality of San Miguel in Surigao del Sur out of a group of barrios of Tago, among them Libas Gua, Libas Sub, San Roque and San Miguel itself.[9, 10]

How it got its name

Local traditionThe town's own history says a Spanish soldier and his Surigaonon wife started a settlement here in 1900, and the natives called the community Abaga.[10]

Later the settlers, mostly Catholics, took San Miguel as their patron and named the place after him. The page says the people chose the new name to tell it apart from other communities in Surigao del Sur.[10]

Its story

Most early inhabitants were Manobos. A proclamation of 1948 gave these cultural minorities reservation sites for settlement, now the site of the town proper.[10]

In 1948 President Elpidio Quirino did away with the two municipal districts, San Miguel and Libas, in Surigao, and attached their land to Tago as barrios.[11]

The town's page says San Miguel was officially proclaimed a barrio of Tago in 1960.[10]

In 1962 Congress separated San Miguel and other barrios from Tago to make a municipality of its own, with its seat in the barrio of San Miguel.[9]

The town's page says the first officials of the new municipality were appointed, with a mayor and a vice-mayor, and that elections of town officials followed in 1963.[10]

Around 1970 a major irrigation project, the Tago River Irrigation System, was built in the municipality.[10]

Timeline

  1. 1900

    Local traditionA Spanish soldier and his Surigaonon wife start the settlement later called San Miguel, then named Abaga by the natives, according to the town's own history.[10]

  2. 1948

    A proclamation gives Manobo communities reservation sites for settlement, now the site of the town proper.[10]

  3. 12 May 1948

    Executive Order No. 138 abolishes the two municipal districts, San Miguel and Libas, in Surigao and attaches them to Tago as barrios.[11]

  4. 1960

    San Miguel is officially proclaimed a barrio of Tago.[10]

  5. 16 June 1962

    Republic Act No. 3491 creates the municipality of San Miguel, Surigao del Sur, from barrios of Tago.[9]

  6. 16 June 1962

    The act says the first town officials are to be named by the President, with the Commission on Appointments agreeing, until the next local elections.[9]

  7. 1963

    The first election of municipal officials takes place, according to the town's page.[10]

Nearby

San Miguel shares a border with 7 places.

How it compares

San Miguel beside Surigao del Sur, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur.

San Miguel beside Surigao del Sur
FigureSan MiguelSurigao del SurRank among the cities and municipalities of Surigao del Sur
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary41,942[1, 2]648,8585th of 19
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.08% a year[1, 2]slower0.25% a year17th of 19
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary60[6]less crowded11416th of 19
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary700.59 km²[6]5,692.86 km²1st of 19
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.4[1, 2]higher4.1not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary13.7%[5]lower34.5%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Tandag City, the capital of Surigao del Sur
20.7 km northeast
Manila
831.4 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. TagoSurigao del Sur19.0 km east
  2. Tandag CitySurigao del Sur20.7 km northeast
  3. SibagatAgusan del Sur21.0 km west
  4. LanuzaSurigao del Sur22.6 km north
  5. LiangaSurigao del Sur27.5 km south
  6. CarmenSurigao del Sur28.2 km northwest

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024 : Region XIII (Caraga) (OpenSTAT table 0131A6DTHP2). Published August 3, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.The LawPhil Project - Arellano Law Foundation. Republic Act No. 3491 (Creating the Municipality of San Miguel, Surigao del Sur). Published June 16, 1962. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Municipality of San Miguel, Surigao del Sur (sanmiguel.gov.ph). History. Archived copy captured 2022-06-25; the live site does not answer (the Internet Archive's copy of 2022-06-25). Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.The Lawphil Project, Arellano Law Foundation. Executive Order No. 138, s. 1948: Abolishing the Municipal Districts of San Miguel and Libas in the Province of Surigao. Published May 12, 1948. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  15. 15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  16. 16.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  17. 17.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  20. 20.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  29. 29.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  30. 30.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  34. 34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  35. 35.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “San Miguel, Surigao del Sur.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/surigao-del-sur/san-miguel