Municipality

Pasuquin

Pasuquin is a municipality in Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Region, Philippines. Its population was 30,521 in the 2024 census, and it has 33 barangays.

Population: 2024 Census
Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
Page updated: October 9, 2026

PlacesPeopleDensityGrowth

People · 2024 Census

Under 690
690 to 1,100
1,100 to 1,800
1,800 to 3,100
3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

Under 160
160 to 340
340 to 700
700 to 2,600
2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

Fell by more than 1% a year
Fell, by up to 1% a year
Grew, by under 1% a year
Grew by 1 to 2% a year
Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary^[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

PeopleSources
30,521
people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
Up 9.2% from 2010 to 2024
Rank by peopleSources
8th
of the 23 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
About 5 of every 100 people in Ilocos Norte lived in Pasuquin in 2024 (4.93%)
Inside itSources
33
barangays
LandSources
199.08 km²
of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Pasuquin's land would fill a square about 14.1 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary
Average density, 2024: 153 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 2 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary
HomesSources
8,064
households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
3.8 people in each, on average, in 2024
Town or countrySources
0%
Fewer than 1 of every 1,000 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary: 0102817000^[4]Formerly 012817000
ZIP code: 2917^{[13, 14]}

People

Pasuquin had 30,521 people in the 2024 census, up 9.2% from 2010.

People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Pasuquin had the 8th most people of the 23 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte in 2024^[1]

5Vintar35,051
6Badoc32,832
7Bacarra32,734
8Pasuquin30,521
9Sarrat26,294
10Solsona26,249
11Pagudpud25,565

All 23 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte

In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 57 of every 100 of its people^[2]

Davila4,01113 in 100
Poblacion 21,8416 in 100
Naglicuan1,8126 in 100
San Juan1,6095 in 100
Susugaen1,5215 in 100
Caruan1,4485 in 100
Poblacion 41,4335 in 100
Nagsanga1,3704 in 100
Estancia1,1604 in 100
Poblacion 11,1084 in 100

See all 33 barangays of Pasuquin

Age structure · 2020 Census^[33]People living in households, by age and sex

About 25 of every 100 are children under 15 (25.4%)
About 66 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (66%)
About 9 of every 100 are 65 or older (8.6%)

MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
Age	People	Men	Women
0 - 4	2,313	1,202	1,111
5 - 9	2,498	1,349	1,149
10 - 14	2,708	1,414	1,294
15 - 19	2,693	1,426	1,267
20 - 24	2,607	1,333	1,274
25 - 29	2,347	1,215	1,132
30 - 34	2,164	1,116	1,048
35 - 39	2,147	1,095	1,052
40 - 44	1,914	1,006	908
45 - 49	1,618	829	789
50 - 54	1,541	771	770
55 - 59	1,383	694	689
60 - 64	1,124	510	614
65 - 69	832	393	439
70 - 74	666	297	369
75 - 79	457	179	278
80 years and over	604	221	383

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary: 30,521^{[1, 2]}
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary: 8,064^{[1, 2]}
People in each household, 2024: 3.8 on average^{[1, 2]}
Share of Ilocos Norte, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary: 4.93%^[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary: 0% (0 people)^[5]
Men and women, 2020: 15,050 men, 14,566 women^[33]People living in households

Population at each census, with its source
Census	Population	Growth since the census before	Households	People per household
2024as of July 1, 2024	30,521^{[1, 2]}	0.67% a year	8,064	3.8
2020as of May 1, 2020	29,678^[1]	0.50% a year	—	—
2015as of August 1, 2015	28,980^[1]	0.69% a year	—	—
2010as of May 1, 2010	27,952^[1]	—	—	—
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then	26,307^[31]	0.85% a year	—	—
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders	24,739^{[31, 32]}	1.55% a year	—	—
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then	23,027^[31]	1.37% a year	—	—
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then	21,410^[31]	1.86% a year	—	—
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then	17,813^[31]	1.84% a year	—	—
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then	16,258^[31]	1.94% a year	—	—
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then	14,775^[31]	1.84% a year	—	—
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then	12,262^[31]	—	—	—

Barangays

Pasuquin is made up of 33 barangays.

Barangays of Pasuquin. Each column heading sorts the table.
	^{[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]}	Share (2024)			Urban or rural
Batuli	495	1.62%	2.20% a year	about 1.38 km²	Rural
Binsang	1,059	3.47%	2.08% a year	about 2.97 km²	Rural
Caruan	1,448	4.74%	0.32% a year	about 7.90 km²	Rural
Carusikis	788	2.58%	−0.92% a year	about 4.55 km²	Rural
Carusipan	482	1.58%	1.18% a year	about 1.45 km²	Rural
Dadaeman	344	1.13%	1.60% a year	about 1.77 km²	Rural
Darupidip	303	0.99%	1.31% a year	about 2.73 km²	Rural
Davila	4,011	13.14%	0.13% a year	about 11.05 km²	Rural
Dilanis	462	1.51%	0.53% a year	about 3.21 km²	Rural
Dilavo	699	2.29%	2.10% a year	about 19.15 km²	Rural
Estancia	1,160	3.8%	0.91% a year	about 1.41 km²	Rural
Naglicuan	1,812	5.94%	0.84% a year	about 3.59 km²	Rural
Nagsanga	1,370	4.49%	0.62% a year	about 1.50 km²	Rural
Nalvo	488	1.6%	−4.49% a year	about 1.25 km²	Rural
Ngabangab	691	2.26%	−0.07% a year	about 1.01 km²	Rural
Pangil	396	1.3%	0.24% a year	about 1.86 km²	Rural
Poblacion 1	1,108	3.63%	1.27% a year	about 0.199 km²	Rural
Poblacion 2	1,841	6.03%	0.26% a year	about 2.37 km²	Rural
Poblacion 3	893	2.93%	−1.07% a year	about 0.249 km²	Rural
Poblacion 4	1,433	4.7%	−0.63% a year	about 0.808 km²	Rural
Pragata	627	2.05%	0.82% a year	about 1.60 km²	Rural
Puyupuyan	942	3.09%	1.90% a year	about 1.87 km²	Rural
Salpad	674	2.21%	0.32% a year	about 3.29 km²	Rural
San Juan	1,609	5.27%	0.06% a year	about 12.14 km²	Rural
Santa Catalina	868	2.84%	0.59% a year	about 6.27 km²	Rural
Santa Matilde	442	1.45%	1.17% a year	about 5.14 km²	Rural
Sapat	68	0.22%	−0.35% a year	about 47.84 km²	Rural
Sulbec	967	3.17%	1.31% a year	about 5.45 km²	Rural
Sulongan	505	1.65%	0.63% a year	about 4.11 km²	Rural
Surong	426	1.4%	5.56% a year	about 2.63 km²	Rural
Susugaen	1,521	4.98%	3.48% a year	about 2.82 km²	Rural
Tabungao	185	0.61%	3.39% a year	about 2.47 km²	Rural
Tadao	404	1.32%	0.91% a year	about 11.57 km²	Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Pasuquin covers 199.08 km² of land, 153 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 567 m above the sea and it has 24 km of coast.

Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary: 199.08 km²^[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary: 153 people per km²^[6]
Coordinates: 18.35899° N, 120.65121° E^[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.

Height above the sea^[27]

Lowest: 0 m
Average: 194 m
Highest: 567 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

24.0 km of coastline^[28]

Rivers^[28]

Pasuquin River17.4 of 19.9 km
Pasuquin River0.7 km

Peaks^[28]

Mount Santa Catalinaheight not mapped

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I^[29]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Laoag City, the nearest PAGASA station, 23 km away^[30]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,187 mm of rain on 86 days a year; 27.6 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Laoag City, 1991 to 2020, by month
Month	Rain	Rainy days	Average	High	Low
January	6 mm	2	25.2 °C	30.6 °C	19.8 °C
February	3 mm	2	25.8 °C	31.2 °C	20.4 °C
March	5 mm	1	27.2 °C	32.5 °C	21.9 °C
April	22 mm	2	28.6 °C	33.6 °C	23.6 °C
May	219 mm	8	29.2 °C	33.7 °C	24.7 °C
June	287 mm	12	28.9 °C	33.1 °C	24.8 °C
July	479 mm	16	28.4 °C	32.2 °C	24.5 °C
August	594 mm	17	28.0 °C	31.6 °C	24.4 °C
September	413 mm	13	27.9 °C	31.8 °C	24.1 °C
October	117 mm	7	27.8 °C	32.1 °C	23.5 °C
November	37 mm	4	27.4 °C	32.0 °C	22.8 °C
December	6 mm	2	26.3 °C	31.1 °C	21.4 °C
The year	2,187 mm	86	27.6 °C	32.1 °C	23.0 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 5 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 6 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.

Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary: 6.2% of people^[17]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary: 1st class^[4]

About 6 of every 100 people in Pasuquin lived below the poverty line in 2021 (6.2%)^[17]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 4.6% and 7.7%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

3government offices
27schools
8places of worship
2markets
1station or terminal
1beach

Counted from OpenStreetMap^{[3, 8]}. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

Government offices2

Markets2

Stations and terminals1

LBPTGI Terminal (Laoag - Bacarra - Pasuquin) · Poblacion 1

Beaches1

Sexy Beach · Estancia

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Pasuquin. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.^{[11, 12]}

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary: 1st district of Ilocos Norte^{[15, 16]}

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

2025–2028In office as of February 2026
Mayor
Robert Dancel Aguinaldo^[18]
Vice mayor
Harry Kitt Valdez Aguinaldo^[18]
2022–2025
Mayor
Robert Dancel Aguinaldo^[19]
Vice mayor
Oscar Dancel Aguinaldo^[19]
2019–2022
Mayor
Ferdinand Dancel Aguinaldo^[20]
Vice mayor
Oscar Dancel Aguinaldo^[20]
2016–2019
Mayor
Ferdinand Dancel Aguinaldo^[21]
Vice mayor
Pedro Rex Ruiz Aguinaldo^[21]
2013–2016
Mayor
Felix Dancel Aguinaldo Jr.^[22]
Vice mayor
Pedro Rex Ruiz Aguinaldo^[22]
2010–2013
Mayor
Victoria A Peralta Aguinaldo^[23]
Vice mayor
Felix Dancel Aguinaldo Jr.^[23]
2007–2010
Mayor
Oscar Dancel Aguinaldo^[24]
Vice mayor
Felix Dancel Aguinaldo Jr.^[24]
2004–2007
Mayor
Oscar Aguinaldo^[25]
Vice mayor
Rodolfo Valdez^[25]
2001–2004
Mayor
Oscar D. Aguinaldo^[26]
Vice mayor
Rodolfo Ll. Valdez^[26]

Mayors and vice mayors of Pasuquin, by term
Term	Mayor	Vice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026	Robert Dancel Aguinaldo^[18]	Harry Kitt Valdez Aguinaldo^[18]
2022–2025	Robert Dancel Aguinaldo^[19]	Oscar Dancel Aguinaldo^[19]
2019–2022	Ferdinand Dancel Aguinaldo^[20]	Oscar Dancel Aguinaldo^[20]
2016–2019	Ferdinand Dancel Aguinaldo^[21]	Pedro Rex Ruiz Aguinaldo^[21]
2013–2016	Felix Dancel Aguinaldo Jr.^[22]	Pedro Rex Ruiz Aguinaldo^[22]
2010–2013	Victoria A Peralta Aguinaldo^[23]	Felix Dancel Aguinaldo Jr.^[23]
2007–2010	Oscar Dancel Aguinaldo^[24]	Felix Dancel Aguinaldo Jr.^[24]
2004–2007	Oscar Aguinaldo^[25]	Rodolfo Valdez^[25]
2001–2004	Oscar D. Aguinaldo^[26]	Rodolfo Ll. Valdez^[26]

History & Identity

Stories from Ilocos Region

Pasuquin has no Story of its own yet. This one is about Ilocos Region, which Pasuquin is part of.

Film, 1:00
Ilocos Region
Ilocos: our dialect, salt and a union
The oldest name of the Ilocos is said to mean 'our dialect'. One Ilocos split in 1818, La Union was named in 1850, and Pangasinan is said to mean 'where salt is made'.
Why It's Called That

All Stories

Its story

Pasuquin began as a visita, a small outlying mission, of the Bacarra ministry. It became a parish in 1784 under Santiago el Mayor, Saint James the Greater. When Ilocos Norte was set up by Royal Decree in 1818, Pasuquin was named one of its original towns. In 1903 the Philippine Commission kept Pasuquin with its own boundaries when it cut the province from fifteen municipalities to ten.^{[9, 10]}

Timeline

1784
Pasuquin was established as a parish under Santiago el Mayor.^[9]
1818
Pasuquin was among the original towns of Ilocos Norte when the province was established by Royal Decree.^[9]
15 October 1903
Act No. 946 reduced the municipalities of Ilocos Norte from fifteen to ten and kept Pasuquin within its own boundaries.^[10]

Nearby

Pasuquin shares a border with Bacarra, Burgos and Vintar.

How it compares

Pasuquin beside Ilocos Norte, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte.

Pasuquin beside Ilocos Norte
Figure	Pasuquin	Ilocos Norte	Rank among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary	30,521^{[1, 2]}	618,850	8th of 23
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary	0.67% a year^{[1, 2]}faster	0.36% a year	8th of 23
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary	153^[6]less crowded	187	15th of 23
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary	199.08 km²^[6]	3,309.78 km²	4th of 23
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary	3.8^{[1, 2]}higher	3.7	not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary	0%^[5]lower	15.6%	not ranked

Shares a border with^[3]

How far, in a straight line^[3]

Laoag City, the capital of Ilocos Norte: 18.6 km southwest
Manila: 421.0 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities^[3]

BacarraIlocos Norte11.4 km south
BurgosIlocos Norte13.1 km north
VintarIlocos Norte15.9 km east
BanguiIlocos Norte18.5 km northeast
Laoag CityIlocos Norte18.6 km southwest
DumalnegIlocos Norte22.5 km northeast

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.

1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Ilocos Region (OpenSTAT table 0011A6DTPH0). Published August 4, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
9.University of Santo Tomas, Philippiana Sacra. The 19th Century Pasuquin [Ilocos Norte] and Its Pastors (Ericson M. Josue), Philippiana Sacra Vol. XLII No. 126. Published 2007. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. All rights reserved by its author; cited, never copied. Open the source
10.Philippine Commission (via Lawphil). Act No. 946, An Act Reducing the Fifteen Municipalities of the Province of Ilocos Norte to Ten. Published October 15, 1903. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
11.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
12.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
15.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
16.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
17.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
18.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
19.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
27.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
28.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
29.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Scene.ph. “Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/ilocos-norte/pasuquin