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Municipality

San Nicolas

San Nicolas is a municipality in Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Region, Philippines. Its population was 39,116 in the 2024 census, and it has 24 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of San Nicolas by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
Batac CityLaoag CityPaoaySarratSan Francisco: 1,701 people, 3,581 per km², −1.12% a yearSan Ildefonso: 1,785 people, 2,785 per km², 0.57% a yearSan Agustin: 2,693 people, 244 per km², 2.05% a yearSan Baltazar: 774 people, 4,838 per km², −0.91% a yearSan Bartolome: 864 people, 4,386 per km², 0.85% a yearSan Cayetano: 722 people, 9,162 per km², −3.76% a yearSan Eugenio: 930 people, 10,776 per km², −2.21% a yearSan Fernando: 1,072 people, 16,048 per km², −1.28% a yearSan Gregorio: 1,569 people, 8,302 per km², −5.51% a yearSan Guillermo: 1,887 people, 307 per km², 2.86% a yearSan Jose: 1,331 people, 9,116 per km², −2.07% a yearSan Juan Bautista: 3,123 people, 5,587 per km², 1.46% a yearSan Lorenzo: 2,276 people, 859 per km², −0.86% a yearSan Lucas: 1,545 people, 15,765 per km², 4.62% a yearSan Marcos: 3,531 people, 731 per km², 3.94% a yearSan Miguel: 1,657 people, 10,487 per km², −0.60% a yearSan Pablo: 1,770 people, 717 per km², 0.01% a yearSan Paulo: 866 people, 16,527 per km², −2.07% a yearSan Pedro: 2,105 people, 545 per km², 1.61% a yearSan Rufino: 955 people, 16,933 per km², −4.26% a yearSan Silvestre: 842 people, 14,223 per km², −0.42% a yearSanta Asuncion: 1,084 people, 444 per km², 3.93% a yearSanta Cecilia: 2,020 people, 669 per km², −0.27% a yearSanta Monica: 2,014 people, 743 per km², −2.15% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    39,116

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 14.3% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    4th

    of the 23 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 6 of every 100 people in Ilocos Norte lived in San Nicolas in 2024 (6.32%)

  • Inside itSources

    24

    barangays

  • LandSources

    41.91 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: San Nicolas's land would fill a square about 6.5 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 933 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 9 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    10,848

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    3.6 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    32%

    About 32 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0102820000[4]Formerly 012820000
ZIP code
2901[13, 14]

People

San Nicolas had 39,116 people in the 2024 census, up 14.3% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

San Nicolas had the 4th most people of the 23 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte in 2024[1]
  1. 1Laoag City112,117
  2. 2Batac City56,781
  3. 3Dingras40,176
  4. 4San Nicolas39,116
  5. 5Vintar35,051
  6. 6Badoc32,832
  7. 7Bacarra32,734
All 23 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 59 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. San Marcos3,5319 in 100
  2. San Juan Bautista3,1238 in 100
  3. San Agustin2,6937 in 100
  4. San Lorenzo2,2766 in 100
  5. San Pedro2,1055 in 100
  6. Santa Cecilia2,0205 in 100
  7. Santa Monica2,0145 in 100
  8. San Guillermo1,8875 in 100
  9. San Ildefonso1,7855 in 100
  10. San Pablo1,7705 in 100
See all 24 barangays of San Nicolas
Age structure · 2020 Census[33]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 25 of every 100 are children under 15 (25.2%)
  • About 67 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (67%)
  • About 8 of every 100 are 65 or older (7.9%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 43,1351,5901,545
5 - 93,1541,6381,516
10 - 143,4481,8081,640
15 - 193,2961,7391,557
20 - 243,5251,8081,717
25 - 293,1901,6121,578
30 - 343,0171,5451,472
35 - 392,9651,5541,411
40 - 442,5131,2711,242
45 - 492,1681,1431,025
50 - 542,1031,0201,083
55 - 591,730833897
60 - 641,414656758
65 - 691,066471595
70 - 74736310426
75 - 79576204372
80 years and over674207467

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
39,116[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
10,848[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
3.6 on average[1, 2]
Share of Ilocos Norte, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
6.32%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
32% (12,520 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
19,409 men, 19,301 women[33]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202439,116[1, 2]0.14% a year10,8483.6
2020as of May 1, 202038,895[1]1.21% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201536,736[1]1.35% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201034,237[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then33,642[31]0.83% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders31,688[31, 32]1.85% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then29,083[31]0.96% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then27,632[31]1.68% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then23,384[31]1.07% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then22,175[31]1.91% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then20,182[31]1.28% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then17,721[31]———

Barangays

San Nicolas is made up of 24 barangays.
Barangays of San Nicolas. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
San Agustin2,6936.88%2.05% a yearabout 11.02 km²Rural
San Baltazar7741.98%−0.91% a yearabout 0.16 km²Urban
San Bartolome8642.21%0.85% a yearabout 0.197 km²Rural
San Cayetano7221.85%−3.76% a yearabout 0.0788 km²Rural
San Eugenio9302.38%−2.21% a yearabout 0.0863 km²Rural
San Fernando1,0722.74%−1.28% a yearabout 0.0668 km²Urban
San Francisco1,7014.35%−1.12% a yearabout 0.475 km²Urban
San Gregorio1,5694.01%−5.51% a yearabout 0.189 km²Rural
San Guillermo1,8874.82%2.86% a yearabout 6.14 km²Urban
San Ildefonso1,7854.56%0.57% a yearabout 0.641 km²Urban
San Jose1,3313.4%−2.07% a yearabout 0.146 km²Rural
San Juan Bautista3,1237.98%1.46% a yearabout 0.559 km²Rural
San Lorenzo2,2765.82%−0.86% a yearabout 2.65 km²Rural
San Lucas1,5453.95%4.62% a yearabout 0.098 km²Rural
San Marcos3,5319.03%3.94% a yearabout 4.83 km²Urban
San Miguel1,6574.24%−0.60% a yearabout 0.158 km²Rural
San Pablo1,7704.53%0.01% a yearabout 2.47 km²Urban
San Paulo8662.21%−2.07% a yearabout 0.0524 km²Rural
San Pedro2,1055.38%1.61% a yearabout 3.86 km²Rural
San Rufino9552.44%−4.26% a yearabout 0.0564 km²Rural
San Silvestre8422.15%−0.42% a yearabout 0.0592 km²Rural
Santa Asuncion1,0842.77%3.93% a yearabout 2.44 km²Rural
Santa Cecilia2,0205.16%−0.27% a yearabout 3.02 km²Rural
Santa Monica2,0145.15%−2.15% a yearabout 2.71 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

San Nicolas covers 41.91 km² of land, 933 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 186 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
41.91 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
933 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
18.15038° N, 120.59746° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[27]
Lowest
3 m
Average
37 m
Highest
186 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[28]

  1. Padsan River2.3 of 45.1 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I[29]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Laoag City, the nearest PAGASA station, 8 km away[30]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,187 mm of rain on 86 days a year; 27.6 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Laoag City, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January6 mm225.2 °C30.6 °C19.8 °C
February3 mm225.8 °C31.2 °C20.4 °C
March5 mm127.2 °C32.5 °C21.9 °C
April22 mm228.6 °C33.6 °C23.6 °C
May219 mm829.2 °C33.7 °C24.7 °C
June287 mm1228.9 °C33.1 °C24.8 °C
July479 mm1628.4 °C32.2 °C24.5 °C
August594 mm1728.0 °C31.6 °C24.4 °C
September413 mm1327.9 °C31.8 °C24.1 °C
October117 mm727.8 °C32.1 °C23.5 °C
November37 mm427.4 °C32.0 °C22.8 °C
December6 mm226.3 °C31.1 °C21.4 °C
The year2,187 mm8627.6 °C32.1 °C23.0 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 5 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 4 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
4.2% of people[17]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 4 of every 100 people in San Nicolas lived below the poverty line in 2021 (4.2%)[17]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 3.0% and 5.3%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

  • 3government offices
  • 4hospitals and health centres
  • 14schools
  • 3places of worship
  • 1market
  • 1park

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads San Nicolas. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[11, 12]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
2nd district of Ilocos Norte[15, 16]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Ed Mar Vincent Lagasca Bonoan[18]
    Vice mayor
    Napoleon Lacar Hernando[18]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Domingo Curimao Ambrocio Jr.[19]
    Vice mayor
    Angel Miguel Lacar Hernando[19]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Alfredo Pahinag Valdez Jr.[20]
    Vice mayor
    Edistio Pajinag Valdez[20]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[21]
    Vice mayor
    Edistio Pajinag Valdez[21]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Melanie Grace Pizaña Valdez[22]
    Vice mayor
    Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[22]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[23]
    Vice mayor
    Ma Teresa Pajinag Valdez-Barrett[23]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[24]
    Vice mayor
    Norberto Domingo Dadiz[24]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Alfredo Valdez Jr.[25]
    Vice mayor
    Norberto Dadiz[25]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Manuel S. Hernando[26]
    Vice mayor
    Norberto D. Dadiz[26]
Mayors and vice mayors of San Nicolas, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Ed Mar Vincent Lagasca Bonoan[18]Napoleon Lacar Hernando[18]
2022–2025Domingo Curimao Ambrocio Jr.[19]Angel Miguel Lacar Hernando[19]
2019–2022Alfredo Pahinag Valdez Jr.[20]Edistio Pajinag Valdez[20]
2016–2019Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[21]Edistio Pajinag Valdez[21]
2013–2016Melanie Grace Pizaña Valdez[22]Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[22]
2010–2013Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[23]Ma Teresa Pajinag Valdez-Barrett[23]
2007–2010Alfredo Pajinag Valdez Jr.[24]Norberto Domingo Dadiz[24]
2004–2007Alfredo Valdez Jr.[25]Norberto Dadiz[25]
2001–2004Manuel S. Hernando[26]Norberto D. Dadiz[26]

History & Identity

Timeline

  1. 15 October 1903

    Act No. 946 joined San Nicolas to the municipality of Laoag, with the seat of government at Laoag.[9]

  2. 3 February 1911

    By Act No. 2045, San Nicolas was again listed as a municipality of Ilocos Norte, in its Second District.[10]

Nearby

San Nicolas shares a border with Batac City, Laoag City, Paoay and Sarrat.

How it compares

San Nicolas beside Ilocos Norte, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte.

San Nicolas beside Ilocos Norte
FigureSan NicolasIlocos NorteRank among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Norte
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary39,116[1, 2]618,8504th of 23
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.14% a year[1, 2]slower0.36% a year15th of 23
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary933[6]more crowded1874th of 23
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary41.91 km²[6]3,309.78 km²21st of 23
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary3.6[1, 2]lower3.7not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary32%[5]higher15.6%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Laoag City, the capital of Ilocos Norte
7.2 km northwest
Manila
398.4 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. SarratIlocos Norte6.2 km east
  2. Laoag CityIlocos Norte7.2 km northwest
  3. Batac CityIlocos Norte11.2 km south
  4. DingrasIlocos Norte11.2 km southeast
  5. PaoayIlocos Norte11.5 km southwest
  6. BacarraIlocos Norte12.8 km north

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Ilocos Region (OpenSTAT table 0011A6DTPH0). Published August 4, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Philippine Commission (via Lawphil). Act No. 946, An Act Reducing the Fifteen Municipalities of the Province of Ilocos Norte to Ten. Published October 15, 1903. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.The LawPhil Project. Act No. 2045, February 03, 1911. Published February 3, 1911. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  14. 14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  15. 15.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  18. 18.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  19. 19.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  20. 20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  28. 28.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  29. 29.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  30. 30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “San Nicolas, Ilocos Norte.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/ilocos-norte/san-nicolas