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Highly urbanized city

Mandaue City

Mandaue City is a highly urbanized city in Cebu, Central Visayas, Philippines. Its population was 364,482 in the 2024 census, and it has 27 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 2, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Mandaue City by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
Cebu CityConsolacionAlang-alang: 11,845 people, 14,769 per km², 0.72% a yearBakilid: 4,425 people, 10,846 per km², 0.21% a yearBanilad: 19,972 people, 9,986 per km², 2.00% a yearBasak: 12,842 people, 18,037 per km², 2.10% a yearCabancalan: 12,198 people, 6,161 per km², −4.59% a yearCambaro: 8,705 people, 20,579 per km², −0.77% a yearCanduman: 31,380 people, 16,603 per km², 7.23% a yearCasili: 4,550 people, 11,607 per km², −4.04% a yearCasuntingan: 16,180 people, 20,327 per km², −0.96% a yearCentro: 3,072 people, 9,630 per km², 0.73% a yearCubacub: 14,442 people, 21,238 per km², 1.04% a yearGuizo: 7,256 people, 18,370 per km², −0.01% a yearIbabao-Estancia: 6,195 people, 10,965 per km², −2.87% a yearJagobiao: 11,850 people, 9,713 per km², −0.57% a yearLabogon: 21,449 people, 14,792 per km², 1.13% a yearLooc: 13,974 people, 15,026 per km², −5.12% a yearMaguikay: 14,707 people, 12,055 per km², −0.40% a yearMantuyong: 6,097 people, 45,500 per km², 2.56% a yearOpao: 12,026 people, 11,790 per km², 0.02% a yearPakna-an: 30,071 people, 13,074 per km², −0.36% a yearPagsabungan: 19,100 people, 13,264 per km², −1.41% a yearSubangdaku: 16,597 people, 7,613 per km², −0.71% a yearTabok: 18,339 people, 13,584 per km², −1.44% a yearTawason: 6,926 people, 5,585 per km², −0.20% a yearTingub: 6,274 people, 5,919 per km², 0.75% a yearTipolo: 15,738 people, 6,903 per km², −0.08% a yearUmapad: 18,272 people, 8,538 per km², −0.65% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    364,482

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 10% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    3rd

    of the 53 cities and municipalities of Cebu by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

  • Inside itSources

    27

    barangays

  • LandSources

    25.79 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Mandaue City's land would fill a square about 5.1 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 14,133 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 141 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    102,593

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    3.5 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    98.8%

    About 99 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0731300000[5]Formerly 072230000
ZIP code
6014[15, 16]

People

Mandaue City had 364,482 people in the 2024 census, up 10% from 2010.
People at each census since 1970

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Mandaue City had the 3rd most people of the 53 cities and municipalities of Cebu in 2024[1]
  1. 1Cebu City965,332
  2. 2Lapu-Lapu City497,813
  3. 3Mandaue City364,482
  4. 4Talisay City263,832
  5. 5Toledo City206,692
  6. 6Danao City161,307
  7. 7Liloan158,387
All 53 cities and municipalities of Cebu
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 57 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. Canduman31,3809 in 100
  2. Pakna-an30,0718 in 100
  3. Labogon21,4496 in 100
  4. Banilad19,9725 in 100
  5. Pagsabungan19,1005 in 100
  6. Tabok18,3395 in 100
  7. Umapad18,2725 in 100
  8. Subangdaku16,5975 in 100
  9. Casuntingan16,1804 in 100
  10. Tipolo15,7384 in 100
See all 27 barangays of Mandaue City
Age structure · 2024 Census[4]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 24 of every 100 are children under 15 (24.1%)
  • About 71 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (71%)
  • About 5 of every 100 are 65 or older (4.9%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
Under 528,71514,79213,923
5 - 929,31015,13114,179
10 - 1429,30315,09114,212
15 - 1932,89116,67116,220
20 - 2438,66119,49519,166
25 - 2938,19019,29818,892
30 - 3432,55816,67315,885
35 - 3926,97713,95213,025
40 - 4424,82212,66612,156
45 - 4920,89310,44410,449
50 - 5417,2308,8488,382
55 - 5913,5396,6856,854
60 - 6411,3225,4705,852
65 - 697,8213,5744,247
70 - 745,0172,0582,959
75 - 792,6471,0171,630
80 - 841,291426865
85 and over872220652

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
364,482[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
102,593[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
3.5 on average[1, 2]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
98.8% (359,932 people)[6]
Men and women, 2024
182,511 men, 179,548 women[4]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 2024364,482[1, 2]0.02% a year102,5933.5
2020as of May 1, 2020364,116[1]0.08% a year——
2015as of August 1, 2015362,654[1]1.73% a year——
2010as of May 1, 2010331,320[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then318,577[36]2.86% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders259,728[36, 37]6.36% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then194,745[36]2.09% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then174,342[36]4.65% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then110,590[36]7.81% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then75,904[36]5.33% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then58,579[36]———

Barangays

Mandaue City is made up of 27 barangays.
Barangays of Mandaue City. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 6, 7, 8]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Alang-alang11,8453.25%0.72% a yearabout 0.802 km²Urban
Bakilid4,4251.21%0.21% a yearabout 0.408 km²Urban
Banilad19,9725.48%2.00% a yearabout 2.00 km²Urban
Basak12,8423.52%2.10% a yearabout 0.712 km²Urban
Cabancalan12,1983.35%−4.59% a yearabout 1.98 km²Urban
Cambaro8,7052.39%−0.77% a yearabout 0.423 km²Urban
Canduman31,3808.61%7.23% a yearabout 1.89 km²Urban
Casili4,5501.25%−4.04% a yearabout 0.392 km²Rural
Casuntingan16,1804.44%−0.96% a yearabout 0.796 km²Urban
Centro3,0720.84%0.73% a yearabout 0.319 km²Urban
Cubacub14,4423.96%1.04% a yearabout 0.68 km²Urban
Guizo7,2561.99%−0.01% a yearabout 0.395 km²Urban
Ibabao-Estancia6,1951.7%−2.87% a yearabout 0.565 km²Urban
Jagobiao11,8503.25%−0.57% a yearabout 1.22 km²Urban
Labogon21,4495.88%1.13% a yearabout 1.45 km²Urban
Looc13,9743.83%−5.12% a yearabout 0.93 km²Urban
Maguikay14,7074.04%−0.40% a yearabout 1.22 km²Urban
Mantuyong6,0971.67%2.56% a yearabout 0.134 km²Urban
Opao12,0263.3%0.02% a yearabout 1.02 km²Urban
Pagsabungan19,1005.24%−1.41% a yearabout 1.44 km²Urban
Pakna-an30,0718.25%−0.36% a yearabout 2.30 km²Urban
Subangdaku16,5974.55%−0.71% a yearabout 2.18 km²Urban
Tabok18,3395.03%−1.44% a yearabout 1.35 km²Urban
Tawason6,9261.9%−0.20% a yearabout 1.24 km²Urban
Tingub6,2741.72%0.75% a yearabout 1.06 km²Urban
Tipolo15,7384.32%−0.08% a yearabout 2.28 km²Urban
Umapad18,2725.01%−0.65% a yearabout 2.14 km²Urban

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Mandaue City covers 25.79 km² of land, 14,133 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 114 m above the sea and it has 18.1 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
25.79 km²[7]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
14,133 people per km²[7]
Coordinates
10.34438° N, 123.94165° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[32]
Lowest
Sea level
Average
18 m
Highest
114 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

18.1 km of coastline[33]

Rivers[33]

  1. Butuanon River8.1 of 14.4 km
  2. Jagobiao Creek1.3 of 4.8 km
  3. Mahiga Creek0.8 of 2.8 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type III[34]

No clear rainiest time of year, and a short dry season of one to three months, in December to February or in March to May.

Covers about 95 of every 100 parts of its land. Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Mactan International Airport, the nearest PAGASA station, 5 km away[35]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 1,685 mm of rain on 138 days a year; 28.1 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Mactan International Airport, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January135 mm1226.8 °C29.7 °C24.0 °C
February89 mm927.0 °C30.0 °C24.0 °C
March61 mm727.8 °C31.0 °C24.6 °C
April56 mm528.8 °C32.2 °C25.5 °C
May94 mm929.4 °C32.8 °C26.0 °C
June181 mm1328.9 °C32.3 °C25.5 °C
July211 mm1528.3 °C31.6 °C25.1 °C
August158 mm1328.5 °C31.9 °C25.2 °C
September190 mm1428.4 °C31.9 °C25.0 °C
October208 mm1528.2 °C31.4 °C24.9 °C
November131 mm1228.0 °C31.0 °C25.0 °C
December172 mm1427.4 °C30.3 °C24.6 °C
The year1,685 mm13828.1 °C31.3 °C24.9 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 26 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

Mandaue City's economy made ₱149.9 billion of goods and services in 2025, ₱412,028 for each person. About 7 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2023.
Economy, 2025Gross domestic productThe value of all the goods and services made in a place in a year: the size of its economy. The PSA measures it for every region, province and highly urbanized city. Counted at 2018 prices, it leaves out the rise in prices, so one year can be set beside another.More in the glossary
₱149.9 billion[19]Its gross domestic product at current prices; ₱128.8 billion at 2018 prices.
Growth, 2024–2025
2.1%[20]How much more it made than the year before, at 2018 prices.
For each person, 2025
₱412,028[21]Its economy divided by its projected population, at current prices, as the PSA works it out.
Poverty, 2023Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
7.2% of people[22]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's survey.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[5]
About 7 of every 100 people in Mandaue City lived below the poverty line in 2023 (7.2%)[22]

The PSA's survey puts it between 4.7% and 9.7%, with 95% confidence. The poverty line was ₱35,655 a person for the year.

The PSA notes: Those with CVs higher than 10% in 2023 poverty incidence among population should be used with caution.

Public places

  • 78government offices
  • 23hospitals and health centres
  • 71schools
  • 31places of worship
  • 5markets
  • 8stations and terminals
  • 6parks
  • 2monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 9]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

Where a kind has more than 8, this page shows 6: first those with “Mandaue” in their name, then one in each of its most populous barangays.

Government offices59

53 more government offices are listed on the pages of the barangays they stand in. See the 27 barangays of Mandaue City

Hospitals and health centres23

17 more hospitals and health centres are listed on the pages of the barangays they stand in. See the 27 barangays of Mandaue City

Markets5

Stations and terminals8

Parks6

Monuments and memorials2

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Mandaue City. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Panlungsod (the city council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[13, 14]

City classCity classA highly urbanized city or an independent component city governs itself apart from the province around it: its voters do not elect the governor. A component city is part of its province.More in the glossary
Highly urbanized city: it governs itself apart from the province of Cebu[5]
Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
Lone district of Mandaue City[17, 18]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Thadeo Jovito Mabanag Ouano[23]
    Vice mayor
    Glenn Ouano Bercede[23]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[24]
    Vice mayor
    Glenn Ouano Bercede[24]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[25]
    Vice mayor
    Glenn Ouano Bercede[25]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Gabriel Luis Romualdez Quisumbing[26]
    Vice mayor
    Carlo Pontico Cabahug Fortuna[26]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[27]
    Vice mayor
    Glenn Ouano Bercede[27]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[28]
    Vice mayor
    Glenn Ouano Bercede[28]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[29]
    Vice mayor
    Carlo Pontico Cabahug Fortuna[29]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Thadeo Ouano[30]
    Vice mayor
    Amadeo Seno Jr.[30]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Thadeo Z. Ouano[31]
    Vice mayor
    Amadeo V. Seno Jr.[31]
Mayors and vice mayors of Mandaue City, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Thadeo Jovito Mabanag Ouano[23]Glenn Ouano Bercede[23]
2022–2025Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[24]Glenn Ouano Bercede[24]
2019–2022Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[25]Glenn Ouano Bercede[25]
2016–2019Gabriel Luis Romualdez Quisumbing[26]Carlo Pontico Cabahug Fortuna[26]
2013–2016Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[27]Glenn Ouano Bercede[27]
2010–2013Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[28]Glenn Ouano Bercede[28]
2007–2010Jonas Cabungcal Cortes[29]Carlo Pontico Cabahug Fortuna[29]
2004–2007Thadeo Ouano[30]Amadeo Seno Jr.[30]
2001–2004Thadeo Z. Ouano[31]Amadeo V. Seno Jr.[31]

History & Identity

Mandaue City's fiesta and days

Everything listed for Mandaue City in Now

Official name
City of Mandaue[5]
Created
Mandaue was created a city by Republic Act No. 5519, approved on 21 June 1969.[10]

How it got its name

Local traditionThe city's history page says the name comes from mantawi, a thick clinging vine that was common before the Spaniards arrived.[12]

Its story

The city's history page says a cove called Mandawe, in today's Barangay Tipolo, was sighted by Magellan's expedition in April 1521.[12]

It says Legaspi set up a drydock complex on the Tipolo shoreline in 1571 to serve his galleons.[12]

It says the cove was made a pueblo between 1580 and 1700 and was officially the town of Mandaue in 1899.[12]

Mandaue became a chartered city on 21 June 1969 under Republic Act 5519 and a highly urbanized city in 1991, per the city page.[12]

Timeline

  1. 1571

    Drydock complex set up at Tipolo shoreline, per the city's history page.[12]

  2. 1899

    Officially known as the town of Mandaue, per the city's history page.[12]

  3. 21 June 1969

    Republic Act No. 5519 created the City of Mandaue.[10]

  4. 1991

    Considered a highly urbanized city, per the city page.[12]

Nearby

Mandaue City shares a border with Cebu City and Consolacion.

How it compares

Mandaue City beside Cebu, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Cebu.

Mandaue City beside Cebu
FigureMandaue CityCebuRank among the cities and municipalities of Cebu
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary364,482[1, 2]3,400,5223rd of 53
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.02% a year[1, 2]slower0.54% a year47th of 53
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary14,133[7]more crowded7751st of 53
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary25.79 km²[7]4,389.23 km²50th of 53
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary3.5[1, 2]lower3.8not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary98.8%[6]higher55.1%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Cebu City, the capital of Cebu
10.3 km northwest
Manila
571.0 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. ConsolacionCebu5.8 km north
  2. Lapu-Lapu CityCebu6.3 km southeast
  3. LiloanCebu8.9 km northeast
  4. CordovaCebu9.2 km south
  5. Cebu CityCebu10.3 km northwest
  6. CompostelaCebu14.6 km north

Sources

Page updated October 2, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Central Visayas (OpenSTAT table 0071A6DTPH6). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Household Population by Age-Group Region, Province, and Highly Urbanized City: Philippines, 2024 Census of Population (OpenSTAT table 0201A6DPAG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  9. 9.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  10. 10.Lawphil Project, Arellano Law Foundation. Republic Act No. 5519, Charter of the City of Mandaue. Published June 21, 1969. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.City of Mandaue, Cebu. Official website. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Mandaue City Government. Mandaue City Web Portal, About (History). Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  16. 16.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  17. 17.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 11257: An Act separating the City of Mandaue from the sixth legislative district of the Province of Cebu. Published April 5, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0012A5FPPA0). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  20. 20.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC, Growth Rates (OpenSTAT table 0032A5FPPA2). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  21. 21.Philippine Statistics Authority. Per Capita Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0092A5FPPA8). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  22. 22.Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Table 2a. Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold and Poverty Incidence Among Population with Measures of Precision, by Region, Province and Highly Urbanized Cities: 2018, 2021, and 2023 (OpenSTAT table 0041F3DF02A). Published August 15, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  23. 23.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  29. 29.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  30. 30.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  31. 31.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  32. 32.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  33. 33.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  34. 34.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  35. 35.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  36. 36.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  37. 37.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Mandaue City, Cebu.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 2, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/cebu/mandaue-city