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Municipality

Luna

Luna is a municipality in Apayao, Cordillera Administrative Region, Philippines. Its population was 21,630 in the 2024 census, and it has 22 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Luna by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
AbulugCalanasanPamplonaPudtolSanta MarcelaBacsay: 922 people, 82 per km², 0.31% a yearCapagaypayan: 561 people, 471 per km², −2.18% a yearDagupan: 2,773 people, 199 per km², 2.14% a yearLappa: 815 people, 89 per km², −1.61% a yearMarag: 777 people, 8 per km², 0.34% a yearPoblacion: 1,146 people, 754 per km², −1.78% a yearQuirino: 1,390 people, 276 per km², −1.14% a yearSalvacion: 463 people, 19 per km², 4.26% a yearSan Francisco: 1,011 people, 128 per km², 1.48% a yearSan Isidro Norte: 754 people, 449 per km², −2.36% a yearSan Sebastian: 483 people, 93 per km², 2.54% a yearSanta Lina: 1,271 people, 138 per km², 2.36% a yearTumog: 1,682 people, 282 per km², 1.04% a yearZumigui: 752 people, 64 per km², −1.94% a yearCagandungan: 839 people, 35 per km², 1.61% a yearCalabigan: 547 people, 12 per km², 3.29% a yearCangisitan: 811 people, 258 per km², 0.82% a yearLuyon: 488 people, 144 per km², 2.29% a yearSan Gregorio: 617 people, 52 per km², 0.67% a yearSan Isidro Sur: 1,732 people, 503 per km², 0.34% a yearShalom: 758 people, 74 per km², 1.07% a yearTurod: 1,038 people, 61 per km², −3.22% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    21,630

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 20% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    2nd

    of the 7 cities and municipalities of Apayao by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 17 of every 100 people in Apayao lived in Luna in 2024 (17.09%)

  • Inside itSources

    22

    barangays

  • LandSources

    412.36 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Luna's land would fill a square about 20.3 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 52 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 1 person per 2 hectares if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    5,384

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.0 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    6.4%

    About 6 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
1408105000[4]Formerly 148105000
ZIP code
3813[14, 15, 16]

People

Luna had 21,630 people in the 2024 census, up 20% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Luna had the 2nd most people of the 7 cities and municipalities of Apayao in 2024[1]
  1. 1Conner28,360
  2. 2Luna21,630
  3. 3Flora18,271
  4. 4Kabugao16,425
  5. 5Pudtol15,676
  6. 6Santa Marcela14,049
  7. 7Calanasan12,176
All 7 cities and municipalities of Apayao
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 64 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. Dagupan2,77313 in 100
  2. San Isidro Sur1,7328 in 100
  3. Tumog1,6828 in 100
  4. Quirino1,3906 in 100
  5. Santa Lina1,2716 in 100
  6. Poblacion1,1465 in 100
  7. Turod1,0385 in 100
  8. San Francisco1,0115 in 100
  9. Bacsay9224 in 100
  10. Cagandungan8394 in 100
See all 22 barangays of Luna
Age structure · 2020 Census[36]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 28 of every 100 are children under 15 (28.3%)
  • About 65 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (65.2%)
  • About 7 of every 100 are 65 or older (6.5%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 41,897976921
5 - 91,9851,039946
10 - 142,1151,120995
15 - 192,1001,0931,007
20 - 242,0581,0271,031
25 - 291,791921870
30 - 341,450782668
35 - 391,363680683
40 - 441,275645630
45 - 491,164578586
50 - 541,045572473
55 - 59866461405
60 - 64683339344
65 - 69506221285
70 - 74339163176
75 - 7923789148
80 years and over298105193

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
21,630[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
5,384[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.0 on average[1, 2]
Share of Apayao, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
17.09%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
6.4% (1,390 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
10,811 men, 10,361 women[36]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202421,630[1, 2]0.37% a year5,3844.0
2020as of May 1, 202021,297[1]2.36% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201519,063[1]1.07% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201018,029[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then16,431[34]2.08% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders14,154[34, 35]3.37% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then12,126[34]2.64% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then10,550[34]−2.55% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then13,668[34]3.87% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then11,301[34]2.52% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then9,980[34]1.66% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then8,430[34]———

Barangays

Luna is made up of 22 barangays.
Barangays of Luna. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Bacsay9224.26%0.31% a yearabout 11.25 km²Rural
Cagandungan8393.88%1.61% a yearabout 23.76 km²Rural
Calabigan5472.53%3.29% a yearabout 45.51 km²Rural
Cangisitan8113.75%0.82% a yearabout 3.14 km²Rural
Capagaypayan5612.59%−2.18% a yearabout 1.19 km²Rural
Dagupan2,77312.82%2.14% a yearabout 13.93 km²Rural
Lappa8153.77%−1.61% a yearabout 9.18 km²Rural
Luyon4882.26%2.29% a yearabout 3.38 km²Rural
Marag7773.59%0.34% a yearabout 96.16 km²Rural
Poblacion1,1465.3%−1.78% a yearabout 1.52 km²Rural
Quirino1,3906.43%−1.14% a yearabout 5.04 km²Urban
Salvacion4632.14%4.26% a yearabout 23.95 km²Rural
San Francisco1,0114.67%1.48% a yearabout 7.88 km²Rural
San Gregorio6172.85%0.67% a yearabout 11.93 km²Rural
San Isidro Norte7543.49%−2.36% a yearabout 1.68 km²Rural
San Isidro Sur1,7328.01%0.34% a yearabout 3.44 km²Rural
San Sebastian4832.23%2.54% a yearabout 5.18 km²Rural
Santa Lina1,2715.88%2.36% a yearabout 9.22 km²Rural
Shalom7583.5%1.07% a yearabout 10.28 km²Rural
Tumog1,6827.78%1.04% a yearabout 5.96 km²Rural
Turod1,0384.8%−3.22% a yearabout 17.13 km²Rural
Zumigui7523.48%−1.94% a yearabout 11.67 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Luna covers 412.36 km² of land, 52 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 842 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
412.36 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
52 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
18.31303° N, 121.29025° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[30]
Lowest
3 m
Average
171 m
Highest
842 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[31]

  1. Malunog River21.9 of 31.5 km
  2. Tumog River16.0 km
  3. Zimigui River12.6 of 20.6 km
  4. Abulug River7.3 km
  5. Abulug River6.8 of 63.1 km
  6. Malunog River0.8 of 1.0 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type III[32]

No clear rainiest time of year, and a short dry season of one to three months, in December to February or in March to May.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Aparri, the nearest PAGASA station, 36 km away[33]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 1,893 mm of rain on 121 days a year; 27.3 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Aparri, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January96 mm1124.3 °C27.7 °C21.0 °C
February62 mm824.8 °C28.4 °C21.2 °C
March36 mm426.4 °C30.3 °C22.6 °C
April38 mm428.1 °C32.2 °C23.9 °C
May111 mm828.9 °C33.2 °C24.7 °C
June115 mm829.4 °C33.7 °C25.0 °C
July196 mm1029.0 °C33.1 °C24.9 °C
August195 mm1128.7 °C32.6 °C24.7 °C
September225 mm1228.3 °C32.3 °C24.4 °C
October281 mm1527.6 °C31.1 °C24.0 °C
November310 mm1526.6 °C29.9 °C23.3 °C
December230 mm1524.9 °C28.0 °C21.8 °C
The year1,893 mm12127.3 °C31.1 °C23.5 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 3 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 14 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
14.4% of people[20]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 14 of every 100 people in Luna lived below the poverty line in 2021 (14.4%)[20]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 11.2% and 17.6%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

  • 1government office
  • 1hospital or health centre
  • 29schools

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Luna. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[12, 13]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
Lone district of Apayao[17, 18, 19]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Januario Sibucao Garde[21]
    Vice mayor
    Zaira Erika Llapitan Caluya[21]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Josephine Menor Bangsil[22]
    Vice mayor
    Manolito Manuel Bullaoit[22]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Josephine Menor Bangsil[23]
    Vice mayor
    Manolito Manuel Bullaoit[23]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Josephine Menor Bangsil[24]
    Vice mayor
    Manolito Manuel Bullaoit[24]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Betty Caluya Verzola[25]
    Vice mayor
    Josephine Menor Bangsil[25]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Betty Caluya Verzola[26]
    Vice mayor
    Jerome Duldulao Lacambra[26]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Bienvenido Guzman Verzola Jr.[27]
    Vice mayor
    Jovencio Tugaoen Bullaoit[27]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Betty Verzola[28]
    Vice mayor
    Jovencio Bullaoit[28]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Betty C. Verzola[29]
    Vice mayor
    Marcelina L. Balicat[29]
Mayors and vice mayors of Luna, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Januario Sibucao Garde[21]Zaira Erika Llapitan Caluya[21]
2022–2025Josephine Menor Bangsil[22]Manolito Manuel Bullaoit[22]
2019–2022Josephine Menor Bangsil[23]Manolito Manuel Bullaoit[23]
2016–2019Josephine Menor Bangsil[24]Manolito Manuel Bullaoit[24]
2013–2016Betty Caluya Verzola[25]Josephine Menor Bangsil[25]
2010–2013Betty Caluya Verzola[26]Jerome Duldulao Lacambra[26]
2007–2010Bienvenido Guzman Verzola Jr.[27]Jovencio Tugaoen Bullaoit[27]
2004–2007Betty Verzola[28]Jovencio Bullaoit[28]
2001–2004Betty C. Verzola[29]Marcelina L. Balicat[29]

History & Identity

Created
According to the municipality's own history page, Executive Order No. 200, signed by Governor General Leonard Wood on 16 October 1929, created the Municipal District of Macatel, later renamed Luna.[9]

How it got its name

Local traditionThe town's own history says its first name, Macatel, was disliked by the settler leader Antonino Barroga because the name described itchy water in the streams; the municipal secretary Leon Edrozo proposed Luna, after General Antonio Luna, and a resolution adopted it.[9]

Its story

The town's history says it grew from Ilocano settlers who came in the early 1900s, led by Antonino Barroga of Dingras, Ilocos Norte, who cleared forest land by slash-and-burn farming with the original Aeta inhabitants.[9]

During the Second World War the people took refuge at Bayugao Hill and Allabang Cave, while the Japanese used an old house as a garrison, according to the town's history.[9]

Timeline

  1. 16 October 1929

    Executive Order No. 200 created the Municipal District of Macatel, later Luna.[9]

  2. 3 December 1956

    Executive Order No. 217 of President Magsaysay separated the Municipal District of Pudtol from Luna.[9]

  3. 25 June 1963

    Executive Order No. 42 of President Macapagal declared Luna among the municipal districts of Mountain Province that count as municipalities, from 1 July 1962.[11]

Nearby

Luna shares a border with 5 places.

How it compares

Luna beside Apayao, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Apayao.

Luna beside Apayao
FigureLunaApayaoRank among the cities and municipalities of Apayao
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary21,630[1, 2]126,5872nd of 7
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.37% a year[1, 2]slower0.43% a year4th of 7
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary52[6]more crowded272nd of 7
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary412.36 km²[6]4,746.51 km²5th of 7
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.0[1, 2]lower4.2not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary6.4%[5]about the same6%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Kabugao, the capital of Apayao
39.6 km south
Manila
415.5 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. PamplonaCagayan15.4 km north
  2. AbulugCagayan15.8 km east
  3. Santa MarcelaApayao15.9 km east
  4. PudtolApayao16.6 km south
  5. FloraApayao21.9 km southeast
  6. CalanasanApayao22.7 km west

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) (OpenSTAT table 0151A6DTHP4). Published August 3, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Municipality of Luna, Apayao. History (About Luna). Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Municipality of Luna, Apayao. Official website. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.The LawPhil Project. Executive Order No. 42 (1963), declaring certain municipal districts as municipalities. Published 1963. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  15. 15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  16. 16.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  17. 17.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7878: An Act converting the sub-provinces of Kalinga and Apayao into regular provinces. Published February 14, 1995. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  20. 20.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  21. 21.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  29. 29.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  30. 30.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  31. 31.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  34. 34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  35. 35.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  36. 36.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Luna, Apayao.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/apayao/luna