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Municipality

Buluan

Buluan is a municipality in Maguindanao del Sur, Bangsamoro (BARMM), Philippines. Its population was 60,931 in the 2024 census, and it has 7 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Buluan by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
MangudadatuPandagPresident QuirinoDigal: 8,842 people, 1,081 per km², 2.54% a yearLower Siling: 1,839 people, 244 per km², 3.52% a yearMaslabeng: 10,351 people, 636 per km², 0.02% a yearPoblacion: 30,849 people, 4,232 per km², 0.91% a yearPopol: 2,881 people, 424 per km², 4.55% a yearTalitay: 2,986 people, 410 per km², 1.28% a yearUpper Siling: 3,183 people, 663 per km², 5.16% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    60,931

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 59.9% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    1st

    of the 24 cities and municipalities of Maguindanao del Sur by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 7 of every 100 people in Maguindanao del Sur lived in Buluan in 2024 (7.49%)

  • Inside itSources

    7

    barangays

  • LandSources

    54.03 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Buluan's land would fill a square about 7.4 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 1,128 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 11 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    13,709

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.4 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    82.1%

    About 82 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
1908802000[4]Formerly 153803000
ZIP code
9616[16]

People

Buluan had 60,931 people in the 2024 census, up 59.9% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Buluan had the most people of the 24 cities and municipalities of Maguindanao del Sur in 2024[1]
  1. 1Buluan60,931
  2. 2South Upi50,018
  3. 3Pagalungan49,326
  4. 4Pagagawan42,181
  5. 5Talayan39,182
  6. 6Datu Paglas38,446
  7. 7Shariff Aguak37,437
All 24 cities and municipalities of Maguindanao del Sur
Its 7 barangays by people, 2024 Census[2]
  1. Poblacion30,84951 in 100
  2. Maslabeng10,35117 in 100
  3. Digal8,84215 in 100
  4. Upper Siling3,1835 in 100
  5. Talitay2,9865 in 100
  6. Popol2,8815 in 100
  7. Lower Siling1,8393 in 100
Age structure · 2020 Census[33]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 49 of every 100 are children under 15 (48.5%)
  • About 51 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (50.6%)
  • About 9 of every 1,000 are 65 or older (0.9%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 410,1435,2544,889
5 - 99,2874,7434,544
10 - 148,4064,2464,160
15 - 195,3532,7512,602
20 - 245,4582,7382,720
25 - 294,7452,2962,449
30 - 343,7481,8271,921
35 - 393,1441,4971,647
40 - 442,6871,3901,297
45 - 491,797973824
50 - 541,080615465
55 - 59602327275
60 - 64440225215
65 - 69283151132
70 - 741125458
75 - 79542529
80 years and over672740

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
60,931[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
13,709[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.4 on average[1, 2]
Share of Maguindanao del Sur, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
7.49%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
82.1% (50,042 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
29,139 men, 28,267 women[33]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202460,931[1, 2]1.44% a year13,7094.4
2020as of May 1, 202057,406[1]2.94% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201550,008[1]5.31% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201038,106[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then32,310[31]1.10% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders29,841[32]−5.41% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then38,695[31]−5.77% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then53,143[31]3.32% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then38,313[31]−1.52% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then41,357[31]−3.40% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then49,158[31]−3.82% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then73,201[31]———

Barangays

Buluan is made up of 7 barangays.
Barangays of Buluan. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Digal8,84214.51%2.54% a yearabout 8.18 km²Urban
Lower Siling1,8393.02%3.52% a yearabout 7.55 km²Rural
Maslabeng10,35116.99%0.02% a yearabout 16.28 km²Urban
Poblacion30,84950.63%0.91% a yearabout 7.29 km²Urban
Popol2,8814.73%4.55% a yearabout 6.79 km²Rural
Talitay2,9864.9%1.28% a yearabout 7.29 km²Rural
Upper Siling3,1835.22%5.16% a yearabout 4.80 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Buluan covers 54.03 km² of land, 1,128 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 33 m above the sea and it lies inland.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
54.03 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
1,128 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
6.71197° N, 124.80235° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[28]
Lowest
9 m
Average
15 m
Highest
33 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

No coastline: it lies inland.

Rivers[29]

  1. Buluan River3.0 of 24.2 km
  2. Alip River0.6 of 53.1 km

Lakes[29]

  1. Lake Buluan73.7 km²

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type III[30]

No clear rainiest time of year, and a short dry season of one to three months, in December to February or in March to May.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

Life & Economy

About 27 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
26.9% of people[19]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 27 of every 100 people in Buluan lived below the poverty line in 2021 (26.9%)[19]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 17.9% and 35.8%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA says caution must be observed in using this estimate: read it as a rough guide only.

Public places

  • 3government offices
  • 1hospital or health centre
  • 17schools
  • 3places of worship
  • 2markets
  • 1station or terminal

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Buluan. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[14, 15]

Capital of
Maguindanao del Sur[4]
Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
Lone district of Maguindanao del Sur[17, 18]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2004, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Ibrahim Gaguil Mangudadatu[20]
    Vice mayor
    King Jhazzer Tiamson Mangudadatu[20]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Babydats Dingcong Mangudadatu[21]
    Vice mayor
    Rhamla Mangudadatu Kadalim[21]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Babydats Dingcong Mangudadatu[22]
    Vice mayor
    Rhamla Mangudadatu Kadalim[22]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Lorena Dingcong Mangudadatu[23]
    Vice mayor
    Rhamla Mangudadatu Kadalim[23]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Lorena Dingcong Mangudadatu[24]
    Vice mayor
    King Jhazzer Tiamson Mangudadatu[24]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Datu Ibrahim Gaguil Mangudadatu[25]
    Vice mayor
    King Jhazzer Tiamson Mangudadatu[25]

  7. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Esmael Mangudadatu[26]
    Vice mayor
    Apan Piang[26]
Mayors and vice mayors of Buluan, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Ibrahim Gaguil Mangudadatu[20]King Jhazzer Tiamson Mangudadatu[20]
2022–2025Babydats Dingcong Mangudadatu[21]Rhamla Mangudadatu Kadalim[21]
2019–2022Babydats Dingcong Mangudadatu[22]Rhamla Mangudadatu Kadalim[22]
2016–2019Lorena Dingcong Mangudadatu[23]Rhamla Mangudadatu Kadalim[23]
2013–2016Lorena Dingcong Mangudadatu[24]King Jhazzer Tiamson Mangudadatu[24]
2010–2013Datu Ibrahim Gaguil Mangudadatu[25]King Jhazzer Tiamson Mangudadatu[25]
2004–2007Esmael Mangudadatu[26]Apan Piang[26]

Before 2001

The heads of Buluan before COMELEC's lists begin, newest first, as the local government's own page lists them, with the office as that page writes it ("Not given" where it names no single office). "From" a year: the page gives only when the term began.

Heads of Buluan before 2001, newest first
YearsNameOffice
1987–1988Datu Powa K. Mangudadatu[27]Not given
1986–1987Datu Markay Mangudadatu[27]Not given

History & Identity

How it got its name

Local traditionAccording to the town's inhabitants, as given in the provincial profile, the name comes from 'Buluanen', meaning bolo maker or supplier.[9]

Its story

Executive Order No. 66 of 25 November 1936 created the Municipality of Dulawan, whose territory included the municipal district of Daguma and others, with Buluan as one of its barrios.[10]

Sources differThe provincial profile says Buluan was made a municipality by Executive Order No. 66 on April 9, 1936; the order itself is dated November 25, 1936 and names Dulawan and Midsayap.[9, 10]

Executive Order No. 82 of August 18, 1947 organized Buluan as an independent municipality.[11]

The provincial profile says that during the Japanese occupation the town was led by a municipal district mayor appointed by the Japanese.[9]

The profile says Tacurong was created from Buluan's south-western portion on August 3, 1951.[9]

Buluan was made part of Maguindanao province on 22 November 1973.[9, 12]

In 2006 Buluan lost barangays to the new municipalities of Pandag and Mangudadatu.[9, 13]

Timeline

  1. August 18, 1947

    Executive Order No. 82 organized Buluan as one of ten independent municipalities in Cotabato.[11]

  2. August 3, 1951

    Municipality of Tacurong created out of Buluan's south-western portion.[9]

  3. November 22, 1973

    Buluan made part of the Province of Maguindanao.[9, 12]

  4. December 30, 2006

    Pandag and Mangudadatu created out of Buluan territory (per provincial profile); MMA Act No. 204 separated barangays to form Pandag.[9, 13]

Nearby

Buluan shares a border with Mangudadatu, Pandag and President Quirino.

How it compares

Buluan beside Maguindanao del Sur, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Maguindanao del Sur.

Buluan beside Maguindanao del Sur
FigureBuluanMaguindanao del SurRank among the cities and municipalities of Maguindanao del Sur
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary60,931[1, 2]813,2431st of 24
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary1.44% a year[1, 2]slower2.84% a year23rd of 24
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary1,128[6]more crowded2831st of 24
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary54.03 km²[6]2,876.24 km²18th of 24
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.4[1, 2]lower4.7not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary82.1%[5]higher31.1%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Manila
970.8 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. PandagMaguindanao del Sur4.7 km north
  2. President QuirinoSultan Kudarat6.6 km west
  3. MangudadatuMaguindanao del Sur8.8 km southeast
  4. PaglatMaguindanao del Sur9.8 km north
  5. Datu PaglasMaguindanao del Sur12.0 km east
  6. Tacurong CitySultan Kudarat15.3 km west

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024 : Bangsamoro Autonomous Region In Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) (OpenSTAT table 0141A6DTHP3). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Province of Maguindanao del Sur. Buluan: Brief History of the Municipality. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Lawphil Project (Arellano Law Foundation). Executive Order No. 66, s. 1936. Published 1936. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Arellano Law Foundation (LawPhil Project). Executive Order No. 82, s. 1947. Published August 18, 1947. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Arellano Law Foundation (Lawphil). Presidential Decree No. 341. Published November 22, 1973. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Lawphil Project (Arellano Law Foundation). Muslim Mindanao Autonomy Act No. 204. Published 2006. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  17. 17.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 11550: An Act dividing the Province of Maguindanao into two (2) provinces, namely Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur. Published May 27, 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  20. 20.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.maguindanaodelsur.gov.ph. buluan.pdf. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  28. 28.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  29. 29.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  30. 30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Buluan, Maguindanao del Sur.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/maguindanao-del-sur/buluan