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Municipality

Santiago

Santiago is a municipality in Ilocos Sur, Ilocos Region, Philippines. Its population was 19,771 in the 2024 census, and it has 24 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Santiago by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
BanayoyoBurgosCandon CitySan EstebanAl-aludig: 900 people, 230 per km², 0.79% a yearAmbucao: 1,771 people, 738 per km², 0.80% a yearSan Jose: 326 people, 483 per km², 2.18% a yearBaybayabas: 597 people, 353 per km², −0.67% a yearBigbiga: 607 people, 440 per km², −1.19% a yearBulbulala: 569 people, 499 per km², −1.65% a yearBusel-busel: 555 people, 343 per km², 1.11% a yearButol: 1,112 people, 390 per km², 0.20% a yearCaburao: 1,478 people, 979 per km², 1.45% a yearDan-ar: 2,103 people, 455 per km², 1.14% a yearGabao: 869 people, 488 per km², −0.73% a yearGuinabang: 284 people, 845 per km², −1.46% a yearImus: 326 people, 146 per km², 1.29% a yearLang-ayan: 420 people, 261 per km², 1.06% a yearMambug: 1,218 people, 206 per km², 1.01% a yearNalasin: 526 people, 306 per km², −1.83% a yearOlo-olo Norte: 1,022 people, 370 per km², 0.86% a yearOlo-olo Sur: 450 people, 456 per km², −0.11% a yearPoblacion Norte: 376 people, 758 per km², −1.24% a yearPoblacion Sur: 464 people, 1,725 per km², −1.54% a yearSabangan: 1,422 people, 1,623 per km², 1.42% a yearSalincub: 867 people, 222 per km², −0.03% a yearSan Roque: 874 people, 571 per km², −0.19% a yearUbbog: 635 people, 355 per km², 0.11% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    19,771

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 10.1% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    15th

    of the 34 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 3 of every 100 people in Ilocos Sur lived in Santiago in 2024 (2.78%)

  • Inside itSources

    24

    barangays

  • LandSources

    48.96 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Santiago's land would fill a square about 7.0 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 404 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 4 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    5,347

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    3.7 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    5%

    About 5 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0102927000[4]Formerly 012927000
ZIP code
2707[12, 13]

People

Santiago had 19,771 people in the 2024 census, up 10.1% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Santiago had the 15th most people of the 34 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur in 2024[1]
  1. 12Santa Lucia26,200
  2. 13Sinait26,059
  3. 14Cervantes20,065
  4. 15Santiago19,771
  5. 16Caoayan19,715
  6. 17Santa15,164
  7. 18Santa Catalina14,319
All 34 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 65 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. Dan-ar2,10311 in 100
  2. Ambucao1,7719 in 100
  3. Caburao1,4787 in 100
  4. Sabangan1,4227 in 100
  5. Mambug1,2186 in 100
  6. Butol1,1126 in 100
  7. Olo-olo Norte1,0225 in 100
  8. Al-aludig9005 in 100
  9. San Roque8744 in 100
  10. Gabao8694 in 100
See all 24 barangays of Santiago
Age structure · 2020 Census[31]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 25 of every 100 are children under 15 (24.9%)
  • About 66 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (65.9%)
  • About 9 of every 100 are 65 or older (9.2%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 41,318672646
5 - 91,637859778
10 - 141,884984900
15 - 191,683893790
20 - 241,427737690
25 - 291,535798737
30 - 341,377688689
35 - 391,455748707
40 - 441,335699636
45 - 491,172603569
50 - 541,083543540
55 - 59932484448
60 - 64813407406
65 - 69631296335
70 - 74445193252
75 - 79336119217
80 years and over382124258

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
19,771[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
5,347[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
3.7 on average[1, 2]
Share of Ilocos Sur, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
2.78%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
5% (983 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
9,847 men, 9,598 women[31]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202419,771[1, 2]0.37% a year5,3473.7
2020as of May 1, 202019,471[1]0.79% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201518,759[1]0.83% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201017,958[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then16,806[29]0.79% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders15,876[29, 30]1.45% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then14,843[29]0.53% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then14,427[29]1.99% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then11,843[29]1.04% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then11,245[29]1.93% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then10,224[29]2.16% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then8,213[29]———

Barangays

Santiago is made up of 24 barangays.
Barangays of Santiago. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Al-aludig9004.55%0.79% a yearabout 3.92 km²Rural
Ambucao1,7718.96%0.80% a yearabout 2.40 km²Rural
Baybayabas5973.02%−0.67% a yearabout 1.69 km²Rural
Bigbiga6073.07%−1.19% a yearabout 1.38 km²Urban
Bulbulala5692.88%−1.65% a yearabout 1.14 km²Rural
Busel-busel5552.81%1.11% a yearabout 1.62 km²Rural
Butol1,1125.62%0.20% a yearabout 2.85 km²Rural
Caburao1,4787.48%1.45% a yearabout 1.51 km²Rural
Dan-ar2,10310.64%1.14% a yearabout 4.62 km²Rural
Gabao8694.4%−0.73% a yearabout 1.78 km²Rural
Guinabang2841.44%−1.46% a yearabout 0.336 km²Rural
Imus3261.65%1.29% a yearabout 2.24 km²Rural
Lang-ayan4202.12%1.06% a yearabout 1.61 km²Rural
Mambug1,2186.16%1.01% a yearabout 5.92 km²Rural
Nalasin5262.66%−1.83% a yearabout 1.72 km²Rural
Olo-olo Norte1,0225.17%0.86% a yearabout 2.76 km²Rural
Olo-olo Sur4502.28%−0.11% a yearabout 0.987 km²Rural
Poblacion Norte3761.9%−1.24% a yearabout 0.496 km²Urban
Poblacion Sur4642.35%−1.54% a yearabout 0.269 km²Rural
Sabangan1,4227.19%1.42% a yearabout 0.876 km²Rural
Salincub8674.39%−0.03% a yearabout 3.90 km²Rural
San Jose3261.65%2.18% a yearabout 0.675 km²Rural
San Roque8744.42%−0.19% a yearabout 1.53 km²Rural
Ubbog6353.21%0.11% a yearabout 1.79 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Santiago covers 48.96 km² of land, 404 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 247 m above the sea and it has 12 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
48.96 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
404 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
17.26214° N, 120.44398° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[26]
Lowest
0 m
Average
67 m
Highest
247 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

12.0 km of coastline[27]

Rivers[27]

  1. Bucong River0.7 of 27.1 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I[28]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

Life & Economy

About 17 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
16.5% of people[16]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 17 of every 100 people in Santiago lived below the poverty line in 2021 (16.5%)[16]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 13.4% and 19.6%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

  • 1government office
  • 14schools
  • 2places of worship

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Santiago. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[10, 11]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
2nd district of Ilocos Sur[14, 15]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[17]
    Vice mayor
    Michael Sipin Miranda[17]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Michael Sipin Miranda[18]
    Vice mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[18]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[19]
    Vice mayor
    Adrien Lawrence Sipin Miranda[19]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[20]
    Vice mayor
    Michael Sipin Miranda[20]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[21]
    Vice mayor
    Michael Sipin Miranda[21]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Michael Sipin Miranda[22]
    Vice mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[22]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Josefino Estrañero Miranda[23]
    Vice mayor
    Virgilio Calip Pasion[23]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Josefino Miranda[24]
    Vice mayor
    Jovito Ellorin[24]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Josefino E. Miranda[25]
    Vice mayor
    Jovito M. Ellorin[25]
Mayors and vice mayors of Santiago, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Josefino Estrañero Miranda[17]Michael Sipin Miranda[17]
2022–2025Michael Sipin Miranda[18]Josefino Estrañero Miranda[18]
2019–2022Josefino Estrañero Miranda[19]Adrien Lawrence Sipin Miranda[19]
2016–2019Josefino Estrañero Miranda[20]Michael Sipin Miranda[20]
2013–2016Josefino Estrañero Miranda[21]Michael Sipin Miranda[21]
2010–2013Michael Sipin Miranda[22]Josefino Estrañero Miranda[22]
2007–2010Josefino Estrañero Miranda[23]Virgilio Calip Pasion[23]
2004–2007Josefino Miranda[24]Jovito Ellorin[24]
2001–2004Josefino E. Miranda[25]Jovito M. Ellorin[25]

History & Identity

Timeline

  1. 8 October 1903

    Act No. 934 made Santiago the seat of a larger municipality that took in Nueva Coveta and San Esteban.[9]

Nearby

Santiago shares a border with Banayoyo, Burgos, Candon City and San Esteban.

How it compares

Santiago beside Ilocos Sur, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur.

Santiago beside Ilocos Sur
FigureSantiagoIlocos SurRank among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary19,771[1, 2]709,99115th of 34
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.37% a year[1, 2]faster0.13% a year10th of 34
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary404[6]more crowded26815th of 34
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary48.96 km²[6]2,651.49 km²20th of 34
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary3.7[1, 2]lower3.8not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary5%[5]lower10.6%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Vigan City, the capital of Ilocos Sur
34.2 km north
Manila
303.1 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. BanayoyoIlocos Sur5.4 km southeast
  2. Candon CityIlocos Sur6.0 km south
  3. San EstebanIlocos Sur7.2 km north
  4. LidliddaIlocos Sur9.3 km east
  5. BurgosIlocos Sur9.3 km northeast
  6. GalimuyodIlocos Sur12.4 km southeast

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Ilocos Region (OpenSTAT table 0011A6DTPH0). Published August 4, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Philippine Commission (via The Lawphil Project). Act No. 934: An Act reducing the twenty-four municipalities of the Province of Ilocos Sur to fourteen. Published October 8, 1903. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  13. 13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  14. 14.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  17. 17.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  18. 18.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  19. 19.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  20. 20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  27. 27.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  28. 28.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  29. 29.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  30. 30.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Santiago, Ilocos Sur.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/ilocos-sur/santiago