Municipality

Santa Maria

Santa Maria is a municipality in Ilocos Sur, Ilocos Region, Philippines. Its population was 30,076 in the 2024 census, and it has 33 barangays.

Population: 2024 Census
Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
Page updated: October 9, 2026

PlacesPeopleDensityGrowth

People · 2024 Census

Under 690
690 to 1,100
1,100 to 1,800
1,800 to 3,100
3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

Under 160
160 to 340
340 to 700
700 to 2,600
2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

Fell by more than 1% a year
Fell, by up to 1% a year
Grew, by under 1% a year
Grew by 1 to 2% a year
Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary^[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

PeopleSources
30,076
people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
Up 5.2% from 2010 to 2024
Rank by peopleSources
9th
of the 34 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
About 4 of every 100 people in Ilocos Sur lived in Santa Maria in 2024 (4.24%)
Inside itSources
33
barangays
LandSources
63.23 km²
of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Santa Maria's land would fill a square about 8.0 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary
Average density, 2024: 476 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 5 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary
HomesSources
8,375
households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
3.6 people in each, on average, in 2024
Town or countrySources
12.5%
About 13 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary: 0102926000^[4]Formerly 012926000
ZIP code: 2705^{[14, 15]}

People

Santa Maria had 30,076 people in the 2024 census, up 5.2% from 2010.

People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Santa Maria had the 9th most people of the 34 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur in 2024^[1]

6Cabugao38,981
7Bantay37,088
8Magsingal31,970
9Santa Maria30,076
10Santo Domingo29,372
11San Juan26,709
12Santa Lucia26,200

All 34 cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur

In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 51 of every 100 of its people^[2]

Suso2,4968 in 100
Lingsat2,1387 in 100
Poblacion Sur1,8566 in 100
Nalvo1,5385 in 100
Cabaroan1,4205 in 100
Silag1,3294 in 100
Tangaoan1,2714 in 100
Gusing1,0944 in 100
Lubong1,0644 in 100
Ag-agrao1,0523 in 100

See all 33 barangays of Santa Maria

Age structure · 2020 Census^[34]People living in households, by age and sex

About 25 of every 100 are children under 15 (25.4%)
About 65 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (65.3%)
About 9 of every 100 are 65 or older (9.3%)

MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
Age	People	Men	Women
0 - 4	2,183	1,135	1,048
5 - 9	2,593	1,311	1,282
10 - 14	2,847	1,518	1,329
15 - 19	2,752	1,404	1,348
20 - 24	2,443	1,241	1,202
25 - 29	2,337	1,247	1,090
30 - 34	2,130	1,095	1,035
35 - 39	2,030	1,043	987
40 - 44	1,921	1,017	904
45 - 49	1,613	840	773
50 - 54	1,707	884	823
55 - 59	1,446	719	727
60 - 64	1,183	579	604
65 - 69	984	472	512
70 - 74	663	300	363
75 - 79	506	196	310
80 years and over	640	218	422

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary: 30,076^{[1, 2]}
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary: 8,375^{[1, 2]}
People in each household, 2024: 3.6 on average^{[1, 2]}
Share of Ilocos Sur, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary: 4.24%^[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary: 12.5% (3,745 people)^[5]
Men and women, 2020: 15,219 men, 14,759 women^[34]People living in households

Population at each census, with its source
Census	Population	Growth since the census before	Households	People per household
2024as of July 1, 2024	30,076^{[1, 2]}	0.06% a year	8,375	3.6
2020as of May 1, 2020	30,006^[1]	−0.22% a year	—	—
2015as of August 1, 2015	30,321^[1]	1.12% a year	—	—
2010as of May 1, 2010	28,597^[1]	—	—	—
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then	28,002^[32]	0.82% a year	—	—
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders	26,396^{[32, 33]}	1.54% a year	—	—
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then	24,580^[32]	0.59% a year	—	—
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then	23,821^[32]	1.12% a year	—	—
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then	21,308^[32]	1.42% a year	—	—
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then	19,857^[32]	1.08% a year	—	—
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then	18,819^[32]	1.41% a year	—	—
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then	16,313^[32]	—	—	—

Barangays

Santa Maria is made up of 33 barangays.

Barangays of Santa Maria. Each column heading sorts the table.
	^{[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]}	Share (2024)			Urban or rural
Ag-agrao	1,052	3.5%	−0.54% a year	about 2.01 km²	Rural
Ampuagan	579	1.93%	−1.85% a year	about 0.821 km²	Rural
Baballasioan	845	2.81%	4.40% a year	about 2.92 km²	Rural
Baliw Daya	441	1.47%	−2.97% a year	about 0.376 km²	Rural
Baliw Laud	610	2.03%	−0.88% a year	about 0.325 km²	Rural
Bia-o	542	1.8%	0.45% a year	about 0.578 km²	Rural
Butir	650	2.16%	0.56% a year	about 2.95 km²	Rural
Cabaroan	1,420	4.72%	2.27% a year	about 2.04 km²	Rural
Danuman East	640	2.13%	8.64% a year	about 0.591 km²	Rural
Danuman West	601	2%	−0.74% a year	about 0.851 km²	Rural
Dunglayan	768	2.55%	0.57% a year	about 2.15 km²	Rural
Gusing	1,094	3.64%	−0.86% a year	about 4.81 km²	Rural
Langaoan	640	2.13%	−0.48% a year	about 1.65 km²	Rural
Laslasong Norte	785	2.61%	−3.66% a year	about 1.38 km²	Rural
Laslasong Sur	763	2.54%	−2.14% a year	about 1.54 km²	Rural
Laslasong West	292	0.97%	5.24% a year	about 0.542 km²	Rural
Lesseb	218	0.72%	2.84% a year	about 0.446 km²	Rural
Lingsat	2,138	7.11%	−0.10% a year	about 1.23 km²	Rural
Lubong	1,064	3.54%	−0.18% a year	about 3.22 km²	Rural
Maynganay Norte	939	3.12%	1.65% a year	about 0.703 km²	Rural
Maynganay Sur	938	3.12%	2.92% a year	about 0.734 km²	Urban
Nagsayaoan	796	2.65%	−1.42% a year	about 1.78 km²	Rural
Nagtupacan	775	2.58%	−2.84% a year	about 1.02 km²	Rural
Nalvo	1,538	5.11%	1.32% a year	about 1.60 km²	Rural
Pacang	696	2.31%	0.85% a year	about 5.61 km²	Rural
Penned	200	0.66%	−2.37% a year	about 0.794 km²	Rural
Poblacion Norte	951	3.16%	−5.71% a year	about 1.15 km²	Urban
Poblacion Sur	1,856	6.17%	−3.75% a year	about 0.793 km²	Urban
Silag	1,329	4.42%	−1.48% a year	about 5.14 km²	Rural
Sumagui	258	0.86%	−0.64% a year	about 0.311 km²	Rural
Suso	2,496	8.3%	5.43% a year	about 3.12 km²	Rural
Tangaoan	1,271	4.23%	1.25% a year	about 3.07 km²	Rural
Tinaan	891	2.96%	−1.20% a year	about 0.526 km²	Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Santa Maria covers 63.23 km² of land, 476 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 311 m above the sea and it has 6.9 km of coast.

Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary: 63.23 km²^[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary: 476 people per km²^[6]
Coordinates: 17.36962° N, 120.50858° E^[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.

Height above the sea^[28]

Lowest: Sea level
Average: 36 m
Highest: 311 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

6.9 km of coastline^[29]

Rivers^[29]

Santa Maria River11.7 of 39.3 km
Agagrao River9.9 of 14.0 km

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I^[30]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Sinait, the nearest PAGASA station, 58 km away^[31]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,172 mm of rain on 97 days a year; 27.4 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Sinait, 1991 to 2020, by month
Month	Rain	Rainy days	Average	High	Low
January	6 mm	2	25.7 °C	30.2 °C	21.2 °C
February	3 mm	2	26.2 °C	30.7 °C	21.6 °C
March	5 mm	2	27.4 °C	31.8 °C	23.0 °C
April	17 mm	2	28.7 °C	33.0 °C	24.3 °C
May	173 mm	9	29.0 °C	33.0 °C	24.9 °C
June	282 mm	14	28.4 °C	32.2 °C	24.6 °C
July	530 mm	19	27.7 °C	31.3 °C	24.1 °C
August	614 mm	19	27.3 °C	30.6 °C	24.0 °C
September	356 mm	15	27.4 °C	31.0 °C	23.8 °C
October	135 mm	7	27.4 °C	31.4 °C	23.4 °C
November	46 mm	4	27.3 °C	31.5 °C	23.2 °C
December	6 mm	2	26.6 °C	30.9 °C	22.3 °C
The year	2,172 mm	97	27.4 °C	31.5 °C	23.4 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 58 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 16 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.

Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary: 15.8% of people^[18]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary: 1st class^[4]

About 16 of every 100 people in Santa Maria lived below the poverty line in 2021 (15.8%)^[18]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 13.0% and 18.5%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

4government offices
2hospitals and health centres
25schools
4places of worship
1market
2beaches
2monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap^{[3, 8]}. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

Government offices3

Hospitals and health centres2

Beaches2

Nalvo Beach · Nalvo
Suso Beach · Suso

Monuments and memorials2

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Santa Maria. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.^{[12, 13]}

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary: 2nd district of Ilocos Sur^{[16, 17]}

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

2025–2028In office as of February 2026
Mayor
Michael Supnet Florendo^[19]
Vice mayor
Rema Pazvia Dirige Cabatu^[19]
2022–2025
Mayor
Brigido Cabanilla Camarillo Jr.^[20]
Vice mayor
Michael Supnet Florendo^[20]
2019–2022
Mayor
Brigido Cabanilla Camarillo Jr.^[21]
Vice mayor
Michael Supnet Florendo^[21]
2016–2019
Mayor
Edgar Camarillo Florendo^[22]
Vice mayor
Bernardino Ayson Brillantes^[22]
2013–2016
Mayor
Edgar Camarillo Florendo^[23]
Vice mayor
Adriano Domingo Villanueva^[23]
2010–2013
Mayor
Edgar Camarillo Florendo^[24]
Vice mayor
Adriano Domingo Villanueva^[24]
2007–2010
Mayor
Thelma Supnet Florendo^[25]
Vice mayor
John John Mati Reyes^[25]
2004–2007
Mayor
Edgar Florendo^[26]
Vice mayor
John-John Ponciano Reyes^[26]
2001–2004
Mayor
Edgar C. Florendo^[27]
Vice mayor
Romeo A. Tan^[27]

Mayors and vice mayors of Santa Maria, by term
Term	Mayor	Vice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026	Michael Supnet Florendo^[19]	Rema Pazvia Dirige Cabatu^[19]
2022–2025	Brigido Cabanilla Camarillo Jr.^[20]	Michael Supnet Florendo^[20]
2019–2022	Brigido Cabanilla Camarillo Jr.^[21]	Michael Supnet Florendo^[21]
2016–2019	Edgar Camarillo Florendo^[22]	Bernardino Ayson Brillantes^[22]
2013–2016	Edgar Camarillo Florendo^[23]	Adriano Domingo Villanueva^[23]
2010–2013	Edgar Camarillo Florendo^[24]	Adriano Domingo Villanueva^[24]
2007–2010	Thelma Supnet Florendo^[25]	John John Mati Reyes^[25]
2004–2007	Edgar Florendo^[26]	John-John Ponciano Reyes^[26]
2001–2004	Edgar C. Florendo^[27]	Romeo A. Tan^[27]

History & Identity

Stories from Ilocos Region

Santa Maria has no Story of its own yet. This one is about Ilocos Region, which Santa Maria is part of.

Film, 1:00
Ilocos Region
Ilocos: our dialect, salt and a union
The oldest name of the Ilocos is said to mean 'our dialect'. One Ilocos split in 1818, La Union was named in 1850, and Pangasinan is said to mean 'where salt is made'.
Why It's Called That

All Stories

Its story

The NHCP marker for the church of Santa Maria says Augustinian priests first built it as a chapel of Narvacan. It became a parish in 1769 under Nuestra Senora de la Asuncion.^[10]

The church was rebuilt and given a tower in 1810, and altered again in 1863.^[10]

Presidential Decree No. 260 of 1 August 1973, amended in 1974 and 1978, declared the church a national historical landmark.^[10]

Timeline

1769
The church of Santa Maria became a parish dedicated to Nuestra Senora de la Asuncion, after beginning as a chapel of Narvacan.^[10]
1810
The church was rebuilt and a tower added.^[10]
8 October 1903
Act No. 934 kept Santa Maria within its existing boundaries when the province's municipalities were cut from 24 to 14.^[11]
1 August 1973
Presidential Decree No. 260 declared the church a national historical landmark.^[10]

Nearby

Santa Maria shares a border with Burgos, Narvacan, Pilar and San Esteban.

How it compares

Santa Maria beside Ilocos Sur, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur.

Santa Maria beside Ilocos Sur
Figure	Santa Maria	Ilocos Sur	Rank among the cities and municipalities of Ilocos Sur
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary	30,076^{[1, 2]}	709,991	9th of 34
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary	0.06% a year^{[1, 2]}slower	0.13% a year	21st of 34
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary	476^[6]more crowded	268	11th of 34
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary	63.23 km²^[6]	2,651.49 km²	17th of 34
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary	3.6^{[1, 2]}lower	3.8	not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary	12.5%^[5]higher	10.6%	not ranked

Shares a border with^[3]

How far, in a straight line^[3]

Vigan City, the capital of Ilocos Sur: 25.9 km northwest
Manila: 313.6 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities^[3]

BurgosIlocos Sur5.9 km south
San EstebanIlocos Sur7.7 km southwest
NagbukelIlocos Sur8.4 km northeast
PilarAbra8.9 km east
NarvacanIlocos Sur9.5 km north
LidliddaIlocos Sur12.6 km south

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.

1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Ilocos Region (OpenSTAT table 0011A6DTPH0). Published August 4, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
9.Municipality of Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur. Official website. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
10.National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Simbahan ng Sta. Maria (historical marker text). Published 1982. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
11.Philippine Commission (via The Lawphil Project). Act No. 934: An Act reducing the twenty-four municipalities of the Province of Ilocos Sur to fourteen. Published October 8, 1903. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
12.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
13.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
16.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
17.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
18.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
19.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
28.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
29.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
31.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Scene.ph. “Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/ilocos-sur/santa-maria