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Municipality

Saint Bernard

Saint Bernard is a municipality in Southern Leyte, Eastern Visayas, Philippines. Its population was 28,131 in the 2024 census, and it has 30 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Saint Bernard by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
HinunanganLibagonLiloanSan JuanAtuyan: 451 people, 235 per km², −0.83% a yearAyahag: 983 people, 410 per km², 22.83% a yearBantawon: 238 people, 180 per km², 1.03% a yearBolodbolod: 1,157 people, 395 per km², −2.30% a yearNueva Esperanza: 200 people, 66 per km², 16.18% a yearCabagawan: 1,266 people, 418 per km², 0.04% a yearCarnaga: 819 people, 267 per km², −2.83% a yearCatmon: 2,294 people, 1,349 per km², −2.49% a yearGuinsaugon: 115 people, 110 per km², 23.93% a yearHimatagon: 1,653 people, 3,601 per km², −1.33% a yearHimbangan: 2,504 people, 540 per km², −1.45% a yearHimos-onan: 761 people, 390 per km², 1.95% a yearHindag-an: 1,587 people, 350 per km², −0.27% a yearKauswagan: 38 people, 6 per km², 7.60% a yearLibas: 442 people, 208 per km², 1.76% a yearLipanto: 1,281 people, 187 per km², 0.09% a yearMagatas: 242 people, 123 per km², 27.46% a yearMagbagacay: 2,201 people, 1,084 per km², −2.45% a yearMahayag: 660 people, 156 per km², −0.07% a yearMahayahay: 1,799 people, 392 per km², 1.35% a yearMalibago: 1,034 people, 1,190 per km², −9.35% a yearMalinao: 153 people, 50 per km², 36.35% a yearPanian: 1,336 people, 343 per km², 0.02% a yearSan Isidro: 1,974 people, 1,430 per km², 0.26% a yearSanta Cruz: 310 people, 50 per km², −0.23% a yearSug-angon: 286 people, 83 per km², −6.71% a yearTabontabon: 319 people, 84 per km², 0.53% a yearTambis I: 863 people, 564 per km², −0.52% a yearTambis II: 991 people, 806 per km², 1.28% a yearHinabian: 174 people, 116 per km², 14.48% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    28,131

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 11.8% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    5th

    of the 19 cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 6 of every 100 people in Southern Leyte lived in Saint Bernard in 2024 (6.48%)

  • Inside itSources

    30

    barangays

  • LandSources

    97.73 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Saint Bernard's land would fill a square about 9.9 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 288 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 3 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    6,638

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.2 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    0%

    Fewer than 1 of every 1,000 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0806412000[4]Formerly 086412000
ZIP code
6616[13, 14]

People

Saint Bernard had 28,131 people in the 2024 census, up 11.8% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Saint Bernard had the 5th most people of the 19 cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte in 2024[1]
  1. 2Sogod48,815
  2. 3Bontoc32,082
  3. 4Hinunangan30,384
  4. 5Saint Bernard28,131
  5. 6Macrohon27,276
  6. 7Liloan23,787
  7. 8Malitbog21,691
All 19 cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 64 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. Himbangan2,5049 in 100
  2. Catmon2,2948 in 100
  3. Magbagacay2,2018 in 100
  4. San Isidro1,9747 in 100
  5. Mahayahay1,7996 in 100
  6. Himatagon1,6536 in 100
  7. Hindag-an1,5876 in 100
  8. Panian1,3365 in 100
  9. Lipanto1,2815 in 100
  10. Cabagawan1,2665 in 100
See all 30 barangays of Saint Bernard
Age structure · 2020 Census[33]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 30 of every 100 are children under 15 (29.9%)
  • About 63 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (63%)
  • About 7 of every 100 are 65 or older (7.1%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 42,7191,4401,279
5 - 92,7661,4581,308
10 - 142,9911,5631,428
15 - 192,9311,5011,430
20 - 242,5701,3121,258
25 - 292,1471,1401,007
30 - 341,909971938
35 - 391,637847790
40 - 441,568800768
45 - 491,371728643
50 - 541,481755726
55 - 591,224608616
60 - 641,025525500
65 - 69743351392
70 - 74581256325
75 - 79351139212
80 years and over347129218

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
28,131[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
6,638[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.2 on average[1, 2]
Share of Southern Leyte, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
6.48%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
0% (0 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
14,523 men, 13,838 women[33]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202428,131[1, 2]−0.24% a year6,6384.2
2020as of May 1, 202028,414[1]0.01% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201528,395[1]2.32% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201025,169[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then25,252[31]1.24% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders23,089[31, 32]1.68% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then21,363[31]0.54% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then20,760[31]0.81% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then19,153[31]−0.11% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then19,255[31]2.17% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then17,296[31]3.96% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then11,621[31]———

Barangays

Saint Bernard is made up of 30 barangays.
Barangays of Saint Bernard. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Atuyan4511.6%−0.83% a yearabout 1.92 km²Rural
Ayahag9833.49%22.83% a yearabout 2.40 km²Rural
Bantawon2380.85%1.03% a yearabout 1.32 km²Rural
Bolodbolod1,1574.11%−2.30% a yearabout 2.93 km²Rural
Cabagawan1,2664.5%0.04% a yearabout 3.03 km²Rural
Carnaga8192.91%−2.83% a yearabout 3.07 km²Rural
Catmon2,2948.15%−2.49% a yearabout 1.70 km²Rural
Guinsaugon1150.41%23.93% a yearabout 1.05 km²Rural
Himatagon1,6535.88%−1.33% a yearabout 0.459 km²Rural
Himbangan2,5048.9%−1.45% a yearabout 4.64 km²Rural
Himos-onan7612.71%1.95% a yearabout 1.95 km²Rural
Hinabian1740.62%14.48% a yearabout 1.50 km²Rural
Hindag-an1,5875.64%−0.27% a yearabout 4.54 km²Rural
Kauswagan380.14%7.60% a yearabout 6.57 km²Rural
Libas4421.57%1.76% a yearabout 2.13 km²Rural
Lipanto1,2814.55%0.09% a yearabout 6.84 km²Rural
Magatas2420.86%27.46% a yearabout 1.97 km²Rural
Magbagacay2,2017.82%−2.45% a yearabout 2.03 km²Rural
Mahayag6602.35%−0.07% a yearabout 4.23 km²Rural
Mahayahay1,7996.4%1.35% a yearabout 4.59 km²Rural
Malibago1,0343.68%−9.35% a yearabout 0.869 km²Rural
Malinao1530.54%36.35% a yearabout 3.08 km²Rural
Nueva Esperanza2000.71%16.18% a yearabout 3.02 km²Rural
Panian1,3364.75%0.02% a yearabout 3.90 km²Rural
San Isidro1,9747.02%0.26% a yearabout 1.38 km²Rural
Santa Cruz3101.1%−0.23% a yearabout 6.14 km²Rural
Sug-angon2861.02%−6.71% a yearabout 3.44 km²Rural
Tabontabon3191.13%0.53% a yearabout 3.78 km²Rural
Tambis I8633.07%−0.52% a yearabout 1.53 km²Rural
Tambis II9913.52%1.28% a yearabout 1.23 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Saint Bernard covers 97.73 km² of land, 288 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 559 m above the sea and it has 11.1 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
97.73 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
288 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
10.30460° N, 125.12579° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[27]
Lowest
1 m
Average
159 m
Highest
559 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

11.1 km of coastline[28]

Rivers[28]

  1. Himbangan River17.3 of 20.7 km

Peaks[28]

  1. Mount Abuyogheight not mapped

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type II[29]

No dry season. The rain is heaviest from December to February, and no month is truly dry.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Maasin, the nearest PAGASA station, 34 km away[30]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,339 mm of rain on 153 days a year; 27.5 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Maasin, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January289 mm1626.3 °C29.5 °C23.2 °C
February198 mm1226.6 °C30.1 °C23.2 °C
March143 mm1027.3 °C31.0 °C23.6 °C
April72 mm728.2 °C32.1 °C24.3 °C
May95 mm828.7 °C32.6 °C24.7 °C
June161 mm1128.1 °C31.7 °C24.5 °C
July210 mm1427.6 °C31.1 °C24.2 °C
August203 mm1427.7 °C31.1 °C24.3 °C
September237 mm1427.6 °C31.1 °C24.1 °C
October233 mm1527.6 °C31.1 °C24.0 °C
November214 mm1527.3 °C30.8 °C23.8 °C
December286 mm1726.7 °C29.9 °C23.5 °C
The year2,339 mm15327.5 °C31.0 °C23.9 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 72 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 29 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
29.2% of people[17]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
3rd class[4]
About 29 of every 100 people in Saint Bernard lived below the poverty line in 2021 (29.2%)[17]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 24.7% and 33.6%, with 90% confidence.

Public places

  • 6government offices
  • 31schools
  • 8places of worship
  • 1market
  • 1station or terminal

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Saint Bernard. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[11, 12]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
2nd district of Southern Leyte[15, 16]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Not named in the DILG's directory
    Vice mayor
    Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[18]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Edito Luego Mulig[19]
    Vice mayor
    Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[19]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Manuel Orali Calapre[20]
    Vice mayor
    Antonio Credo Dalugdugan[20]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Manuel Orali Calapre[21]
    Vice mayor
    Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[21]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Napoleon Lim Cuaton[22]
    Vice mayor
    Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[22]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Rico Cabug-os Rentuza[23]
    Vice mayor
    Rachel Beduya Avendula[23]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Rico Cabug-os Rentuza[24]
    Vice mayor
    Hermenegildo Soler Castil[24]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Maria Lim[25]
    Vice mayor
    Felix Lim[25]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Maria Y. Lim[26]
    Vice mayor
    Felix B. Lim[26]
Mayors and vice mayors of Saint Bernard, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Not named in the DILG's directoryJocelyn Lim Bungcaras[18]
2022–2025Edito Luego Mulig[19]Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[19]
2019–2022Manuel Orali Calapre[20]Antonio Credo Dalugdugan[20]
2016–2019Manuel Orali Calapre[21]Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[21]
2013–2016Napoleon Lim Cuaton[22]Jocelyn Lim Bungcaras[22]
2010–2013Rico Cabug-os Rentuza[23]Rachel Beduya Avendula[23]
2007–2010Rico Cabug-os Rentuza[24]Hermenegildo Soler Castil[24]
2004–2007Maria Lim[25]Felix Lim[25]
2001–2004Maria Y. Lim[26]Felix B. Lim[26]

History & Identity

Created
Executive Order No. 84, signed by President Ramon Magsaysay on 9 December 1954, created the municipality of Saint Bernard in Leyte from 19 barrios of Cabalian, with Himatagon as the seat. It was to begin to exist once its officials were appointed and the Secretary of Finance certified that it could meet its obligations.[9]

How it got its name

Local traditionA local historian is quoted on the town's site saying the new town was meant to be named after Leyte Governor Bernardo Torres, who helped push for its creation, but the law did not allow naming it for a living official.[10]

Local traditionThe same account says Graciano Capili Sr. then looked in a dictionary and picked St. Bernard, after the Alpine rescue dog, because he saw his townspeople as equally hardworking.[10]

Its story

Before 1954 Himatagon was a barrio of the old Spanish-era town of Cabalian, today San Juan, Southern Leyte.[10]

The town's own history says Cabalian was the seat of the Spanish pueblo, while Himatagon was the economic centre.[10]

In the Second World War, local guerrilla organizers also formed volunteer guards called the Bolomen, whose main weapons were bolos.[10]

After the war, local leader Graciano H. Capili petitioned higher authorities for years to turn the barrio into a municipality.[10]

Once created, the first appointed mayor of Saint Bernard was Graciano H. Capili.[10]

Timeline

  1. 9 December 1954

    Executive Order No. 84 creates the municipality of Saint Bernard out of Cabalian.[9]

Nearby

Saint Bernard shares a border with Hinunangan, Libagon, Liloan and San Juan.

How it compares

Saint Bernard beside Southern Leyte, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte.

Saint Bernard beside Southern Leyte
FigureSaint BernardSouthern LeyteRank among the cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary28,131[1, 2]434,3725th of 19
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary−0.24% a year[1, 2]slower0.27% a year14th of 19
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary288[6]more crowded28612th of 19
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary97.73 km²[6]1,518.40 km²6th of 19
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.2[1, 2]higher4.1not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary0%[5]lower11%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Maasin City, the capital of Southern Leyte
31.1 km southwest
Manila
655.1 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. San JuanSouthern Leyte5.7 km southeast
  2. HinunanganSouthern Leyte8.4 km northeast
  3. LibagonSouthern Leyte9.2 km northwest
  4. AnahawanSouthern Leyte12.4 km east
  5. HinundayanSouthern Leyte12.7 km east
  6. Tomas OppusSouthern Leyte19.2 km west

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Eastern Visayas (OpenSTAT table 0081A6DTPH7). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.The LawPhil Project. Executive Order No. 84, s. 1954: Creating the Municipality of Saint Bernard in the Province of Leyte. Published December 9, 1954. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Municipality of Saint Bernard. The Historical Development of Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  14. 14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  15. 15.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 11198: An Act providing for the reapportionment of the Province of Southern Leyte into two (2) legislative districts. Published February 1, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  18. 18.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  19. 19.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  20. 20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  28. 28.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  29. 29.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  30. 30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

See something wrong on this page? Write to hello@scene.ph with the page address. We check every report against the source.

Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/southern-leyte/saint-bernard