Municipality

Bontoc

Bontoc is a municipality in Southern Leyte, Eastern Visayas, Philippines. Its population was 32,082 in the 2024 census, and it has 40 barangays.

Population: 2024 Census
Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
Page updated: October 9, 2026

PlacesPeopleDensityGrowth

People · 2024 Census

Under 690
690 to 1,100
1,100 to 1,800
1,800 to 3,100
3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

Under 160
160 to 340
340 to 700
700 to 2,600
2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

Fell by more than 1% a year
Fell, by up to 1% a year
Grew, by under 1% a year
Grew by 1 to 2% a year
Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary^[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

PeopleSources
32,082
people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
Up 14.3% from 2010 to 2024
Rank by peopleSources
3rd
of the 19 cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
About 7 of every 100 people in Southern Leyte lived in Bontoc in 2024 (7.39%)
Inside itSources
40
barangays
LandSources
17.40 km²
of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Bontoc's land would fill a square about 4.2 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary
Average density, 2024: 1,844 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 18 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary
HomesSources
7,824
households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
4.1 people in each, on average, in 2024
Town or countrySources
0%
Fewer than 1 of every 1,000 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary: 0806402000^[4]Formerly 086402000
ZIP code: 6604^{[12, 13]}

People

Bontoc had 32,082 people in the 2024 census, up 14.3% from 2010.

People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Bontoc had the 3rd most people of the 19 cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte in 2024^[1]

1Maasin City85,486
2Sogod48,815
3Bontoc32,082
4Hinunangan30,384
5Saint Bernard28,131
6Macrohon27,276
7Liloan23,787

All 19 cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte

In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 50 of every 100 of its people^[2]

Divisoria2,2557 in 100
Union1,9346 in 100
Talisay1,8986 in 100
Hilaan1,6715 in 100
Santo Niño1,5135 in 100
Santa Cruz1,4785 in 100
Buenavista1,4344 in 100
Paku1,3234 in 100
Mahayahay1,2874 in 100
San Ramon1,2674 in 100

See all 40 barangays of Bontoc

Age structure · 2020 Census^[32]People living in households, by age and sex

About 30 of every 100 are children under 15 (30.2%)
About 62 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (61.7%)
About 8 of every 100 are 65 or older (8.1%)

MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
Age	People	Men	Women
0 - 4	2,747	1,436	1,311
5 - 9	3,006	1,550	1,456
10 - 14	3,248	1,693	1,555
15 - 19	3,039	1,520	1,519
20 - 24	2,438	1,274	1,164
25 - 29	2,040	1,048	992
30 - 34	1,936	999	937
35 - 39	1,819	933	886
40 - 44	1,695	885	810
45 - 49	1,463	776	687
50 - 54	1,469	752	717
55 - 59	1,316	654	662
60 - 64	1,153	590	563
65 - 69	904	437	467
70 - 74	676	310	366
75 - 79	435	181	254
80 years and over	398	157	241

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary: 32,082^{[1, 2]}
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary: 7,824^{[1, 2]}
People in each household, 2024: 4.1 on average^{[1, 2]}
Share of Southern Leyte, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary: 7.39%^[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary: 0% (0 people)^[5]
Men and women, 2020: 15,195 men, 14,587 women^[32]People living in households

Population at each census, with its source
Census	Population	Growth since the census before	Households	People per household
2024as of July 1, 2024	32,082^{[1, 2]}	1.79% a year	7,824	4.1
2020as of May 1, 2020	29,799^[1]	0.64% a year	—	—
2015as of August 1, 2015	28,905^[1]	0.55% a year	—	—
2010as of May 1, 2010	28,079^[1]	—	—	—
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then	28,535^[30]	0.46% a year	—	—
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders	27,592^{[30, 31]}	2.99% a year	—	—
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then	24,047^[30]	−0.59% a year	—	—
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then	24,818^[30]	0.92% a year	—	—
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then	22,655^[30]	2.06% a year	—	—
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then	20,452^[30]	3.38% a year	—	—
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then	17,325^[30]	0.88% a year	—	—
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then	15,835^[30]	—	—	—

Barangays

Bontoc is made up of 40 barangays.

Barangays of Bontoc. Each column heading sorts the table.
	^{[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]}	Share (2024)			Urban or rural
Anahao	282	0.88%	−3.56% a year	about 3.77 km²	Rural
Banahao	459	1.43%	4.18% a year	about 6.29 km²	Rural
Baugo	627	1.95%	4.93% a year	about 6.32 km²	Rural
Beniton	551	1.72%	−0.13% a year	about 2.26 km²	Rural
Buenavista	1,434	4.47%	1.00% a year	about 2.21 km²	Rural
Bunga	830	2.59%	1.16% a year	about 5.56 km²	Rural
Casao	866	2.7%	3.48% a year	about 1.24 km²	Rural
Catmon	325	1.01%	−1.42% a year	about 2.92 km²	Rural
Catoogan	348	1.08%	4.38% a year	about 2.29 km²	Rural
Cawayanan	564	1.76%	0.78% a year	about 4.19 km²	Rural
Dao	307	0.96%	0.64% a year	about 1.82 km²	Rural
Divisoria	2,255	7.03%	2.97% a year	about 1.93 km²	Rural
Esperanza	828	2.58%	2.30% a year	about 3.89 km²	Rural
Guinsangaan	763	2.38%	0.90% a year	about 1.61 km²	Rural
Hibagwan	442	1.38%	3.37% a year	about 2.72 km²	Rural
Hilaan	1,671	5.21%	3.62% a year	about 5.05 km²	Rural
Himakilo	444	1.38%	5.51% a year	about 1.66 km²	Rural
Hitawos	377	1.18%	−2.67% a year	about 7.92 km²	Rural
Lanao	170	0.53%	−0.96% a year	about 3.88 km²	Rural
Lawgawan	171	0.53%	10.92% a year	about 3.50 km²	Rural
Mahayahay	1,287	4.01%	0.68% a year	about 2.58 km²	Rural
Malbago	726	2.26%	0.60% a year	about 3.49 km²	Rural
Mauylab	602	1.88%	0.61% a year	about 1.24 km²	Rural
Olisihan	111	0.35%	−0.21% a year	about 11.87 km²	Rural
Paku	1,323	4.12%	3.27% a year	about 3.23 km²	Rural
Pamahawan	450	1.4%	4.94% a year	about 5.05 km²	Rural
Pamigsian	477	1.49%	2.86% a year	about 7.44 km²	Rural
Pangi	484	1.51%	1.93% a year	about 1.26 km²	Rural
Poblacion	1,199	3.74%	0.98% a year	about 0.143 km²	Rural
Pong-on	410	1.28%	0.71% a year	about 3.48 km²	Rural
Sampongon	729	2.27%	0.70% a year	about 3.03 km²	Rural
San Ramon	1,267	3.95%	−0.06% a year	about 0.677 km²	Rural
San Vicente	1,068	3.33%	3.35% a year	about 1.83 km²	Rural
Santa Cruz	1,478	4.61%	−0.73% a year	about 0.674 km²	Rural
Santo Niño	1,513	4.72%	0.78% a year	about 1.28 km²	Rural
Taa	608	1.9%	0.04% a year	about 0.593 km²	Rural
Talisay	1,898	5.92%	2.53% a year	about 1.48 km²	Rural
Taytagan	643	2%	3.41% a year	about 1.14 km²	Rural
Tuburan	161	0.5%	0.91% a year	about 1.61 km²	Rural
Union	1,934	6.03%	2.98% a year	about 2.62 km²	Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Bontoc covers 17.40 km² of land, 1,844 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 661 m above the sea and it has 7.5 km of coast.

Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary: 17.40 km²^[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary: 1,844 people per km²^[6]
Coordinates: 10.34995° N, 124.93309° E^[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.

Height above the sea^[26]

Lowest: 1 m
Average: 219 m
Highest: 661 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

7.5 km of coastline^[27]

Rivers^[27]

Bonbon River8.7 km

Peaks^[27]

Mount Capuloanheight not mapped

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type IV^[28]

Rain spread fairly evenly through the year, with no dry season.

Covers about 93 of every 100 parts of its land. Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Maasin, the nearest PAGASA station, 25 km away^[29]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,339 mm of rain on 153 days a year; 27.5 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Maasin, 1991 to 2020, by month
Month	Rain	Rainy days	Average	High	Low
January	289 mm	16	26.3 °C	29.5 °C	23.2 °C
February	198 mm	12	26.6 °C	30.1 °C	23.2 °C
March	143 mm	10	27.3 °C	31.0 °C	23.6 °C
April	72 mm	7	28.2 °C	32.1 °C	24.3 °C
May	95 mm	8	28.7 °C	32.6 °C	24.7 °C
June	161 mm	11	28.1 °C	31.7 °C	24.5 °C
July	210 mm	14	27.6 °C	31.1 °C	24.2 °C
August	203 mm	14	27.7 °C	31.1 °C	24.3 °C
September	237 mm	14	27.6 °C	31.1 °C	24.1 °C
October	233 mm	15	27.6 °C	31.1 °C	24.0 °C
November	214 mm	15	27.3 °C	30.8 °C	23.8 °C
December	286 mm	17	26.7 °C	29.9 °C	23.5 °C
The year	2,339 mm	153	27.5 °C	31.0 °C	23.9 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 72 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 27 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.

Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary: 27.3% of people^[16]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary: 3rd class^[4]

About 27 of every 100 people in Bontoc lived below the poverty line in 2021 (27.3%)^[16]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 24.1% and 30.6%, with 90% confidence.

Public places

20government offices
3hospitals and health centres
38schools
12places of worship
4markets
1station or terminal
1beach
3monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap^{[3, 8]}. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

Where a kind has more than 8, this page shows 6: first those with “Bontoc” in their name, then one in each of its most populous barangays.

Government offices11

5 more government offices are listed on the pages of the barangays they stand in. See the 40 barangays of Bontoc

Hospitals and health centres3

Markets4

Stations and terminals1

Bontoc Terminal · Poblacion

Beaches1

Divisoria Beachfront · Divisoria

Monuments and memorials3

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Bontoc. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.^{[10, 11]}

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary: 1st district of Southern Leyte^{[14, 15]}

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

2025–2028In office as of February 2026
Mayor
Noel Elona Alinsub^[17]
Vice mayor
Rodulfo Villafane Nablea^[17]
2022–2025
Mayor
Noel Elona Alinsub^[18]
Vice mayor
Rodulfo Villafañe Nablea^[18]
2019–2022
Mayor
Jane Bantaculo Ruales^[19]
Vice mayor
Rodulfo Villafañe Nablea^[19]
2016–2019
Mayor
Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[20]
Vice mayor
Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[20]
2013–2016
Mayor
Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[21]
Vice mayor
Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[21]
2010–2013
Mayor
Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[22]
Vice mayor
Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[22]
2007–2010
Mayor
Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[23]
Vice mayor
Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[23]
2004–2007
Mayor
Pedro Fustanes Jr.^[24]
Vice mayor
Matias Mervin Ruales^[24]
2001–2004
Mayor
Pedro V. Fustanes Jr.^[25]
Vice mayor
Apolinar B. Dizon^[25]

Mayors and vice mayors of Bontoc, by term
Term	Mayor	Vice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026	Noel Elona Alinsub^[17]	Rodulfo Villafane Nablea^[17]
2022–2025	Noel Elona Alinsub^[18]	Rodulfo Villafañe Nablea^[18]
2019–2022	Jane Bantaculo Ruales^[19]	Rodulfo Villafañe Nablea^[19]
2016–2019	Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[20]	Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[20]
2013–2016	Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[21]	Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[21]
2010–2013	Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[22]	Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[22]
2007–2010	Pedro Valdez Fustanes Jr.^[23]	Matias Mervyn Cretecio Ruales^[23]
2004–2007	Pedro Fustanes Jr.^[24]	Matias Mervin Ruales^[24]
2001–2004	Pedro V. Fustanes Jr.^[25]	Apolinar B. Dizon^[25]

History & Identity

Stories from Eastern Visayas

Bontoc has no Story of its own yet. This one is about Eastern Visayas, which Bontoc is part of.

Film, 0:59
Eastern Visayas
Eastern Visayas: San Lazaro, the first name
On 17 March 1521 Magellan's crew landed on Homonhon and called the islands the archipelago of San Lazaro, the country's first European name. Felipinas came 22 years later.
This Happened Here

All Stories

Its story

Early settlers came from Bohol and Cebu and lived near the mouths of the Salug and Bonbon rivers, which were navigable by small boats.^[9]

Bontoc proper became the trading centre for farm products such as corn and abaca grown in the Salug valley.^[9]

When Sogod became a municipality, Bontoc became its barrio, and traders moved to the present poblacion, taking the seat of government with them.^[9]

Nearby

Bontoc shares a border with 7 places.

How it compares

Bontoc beside Southern Leyte, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte.

Bontoc beside Southern Leyte
Figure	Bontoc	Southern Leyte	Rank among the cities and municipalities of Southern Leyte
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary	32,082^{[1, 2]}	434,372	3rd of 19
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary	1.79% a year^{[1, 2]}faster	0.27% a year	2nd of 19
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary	1,844^[6]more crowded	286	1st of 19
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary	17.40 km²^[6]	1,518.40 km²	18th of 19
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary	4.1^{[1, 2]}about the same	4.1	not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary	0%^[5]lower	11%	not ranked

Shares a border with^[3]

How far, in a straight line^[3]

Maasin City, the capital of Southern Leyte: 20.0 km south
Manila: 637.2 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities^[3]

BatoLeyte6.8 km west
Tomas OppusSouthern Leyte9.3 km south
SogodSouthern Leyte12.9 km northeast
HilongosLeyte13.3 km northwest
LibagonSouthern Leyte13.9 km east
MatalomLeyte15.2 km southwest

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.

1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Eastern Visayas (OpenSTAT table 0081A6DTPH7). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
9.Province of Southern Leyte. History of Bontoc (province website). Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
10.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
11.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
12.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
14.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 11198: An Act providing for the reapportionment of the Province of Southern Leyte into two (2) legislative districts. Published February 1, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
15.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
16.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
17.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
18.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
19.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
26.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
27.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
28.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
29.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
30.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
31.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Bontoc, Southern Leyte.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/southern-leyte/bontoc