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Municipality

Mandaon

Mandaon is a municipality in Masbate, Bicol Region, Philippines. Its population was 44,177 in the 2024 census, and it has 26 barangays.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 9, 2026
Colour byColours the map of Mandaon by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
AroroyBaludMilagrosAlas: 2,409 people, 77 per km², 0.20% a yearAyat: 1,582 people, 159 per km², −2.64% a yearBat-Ongan: 1,744 people, 157 per km², −0.22% a yearBugtong: 1,461 people, 43 per km², −2.73% a yearBuri: 1,122 people, 122 per km², 0.26% a yearCabitan: 5,311 people, 191 per km², 0.15% a yearCagmasoso: 545 people, 1,708 per km², 2.94% a yearCanomoy: 1,426 people, 352 per km², 0.58% a yearCentro: 876 people, 133 per km², −1.17% a yearDayao: 1,912 people, 131 per km², −1.12% a yearGuincaiptan: 813 people, 207 per km², 0.33% a yearLantangan: 2,787 people, 176 per km², 0.09% a yearLooc: 897 people, 78 per km², −1.66% a yearMabatobato: 758 people, 79 per km², 0.58% a yearMaolingon: 3,218 people, 497 per km², 0.57% a yearNailaban: 1,444 people, 219 per km², 4.48% a yearNanipsan: 745 people, 103 per km², 0.10% a yearPinamangcaan: 877 people, 91 per km², 1.51% a yearPoblacion: 4,243 people, 2,652 per km², −1.88% a yearPolo Dacu: 1,326 people, 623 per km², 0.38% a yearSan Juan: 1,009 people, 22 per km², −0.59% a yearSan Pablo: 1,021 people, 66 per km², 2.08% a yearSanta Fe: 454 people, 43 per km², 1.42% a yearTagpu: 2,041 people, 127 per km², 1.67% a yearTumalaytay: 2,834 people, 244 per km², −0.22% a yearLaguinbanwa: 1,322 people, 782 per km², 3.95% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 690
  • 690 to 1,100
  • 1,100 to 1,800
  • 1,800 to 3,100
  • 3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 160
  • 160 to 340
  • 340 to 700
  • 700 to 2,600
  • 2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

  • PeopleSources

    44,177

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 15.8% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    9th

    of the 21 cities and municipalities of Masbate by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 5 of every 100 people in Masbate lived in Mandaon in 2024 (4.85%)

  • Inside itSources

    26

    barangays

  • LandSources

    336.75 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Mandaon's land would fill a square about 18.4 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 131 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 1 person per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    10,238

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.3 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    12%

    About 12 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0504110000[4]Formerly 054110000
ZIP code
5411[13, 14, 15]

People

Mandaon had 44,177 people in the 2024 census, up 15.8% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Mandaon had the 9th most people of the 21 cities and municipalities of Masbate in 2024[1]
  1. 6Uson56,410
  2. 7Cataingan51,165
  3. 8San Pascual44,641
  4. 9Mandaon44,177
  5. 10Mobo41,199
  6. 11Claveria40,733
  7. 12Balud40,236
All 21 cities and municipalities of Masbate
In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 64 of every 100 of its people[2]
  1. Cabitan5,31112 in 100
  2. Poblacion4,24310 in 100
  3. Maolingon3,2187 in 100
  4. Tumalaytay2,8346 in 100
  5. Lantangan2,7876 in 100
  6. Alas2,4095 in 100
  7. Tagpu2,0415 in 100
  8. Dayao1,9124 in 100
  9. Bat-Ongan1,7444 in 100
  10. Ayat1,5824 in 100
See all 26 barangays of Mandaon
Age structure · 2020 Census[34]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 39 of every 100 are children under 15 (39.3%)
  • About 56 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (55.8%)
  • About 5 of every 100 are 65 or older (4.9%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
0 - 45,4932,7982,695
5 - 95,9763,0682,908
10 - 145,8623,0302,832
15 - 195,0962,5662,530
20 - 243,4401,7521,688
25 - 292,7601,4071,353
30 - 342,5581,3101,248
35 - 392,3521,2401,112
40 - 442,0961,119977
45 - 491,845931914
50 - 541,700874826
55 - 591,525785740
60 - 641,219608611
65 - 69848384464
70 - 74517211306
75 - 79389160229
80 years and over392129263

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
44,177[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
10,238[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.3 on average[1, 2]
Share of Masbate, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
4.85%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
12% (5,311 people)[5]
Men and women, 2020
22,372 men, 21,696 women[34]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 202444,177[1, 2]0.03% a year10,2384.3
2020as of May 1, 202044,122[1]1.42% a year——
2015as of August 1, 201541,262[1]1.50% a year——
2010as of May 1, 201038,161[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then34,401[32]1.19% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders31,572[32, 33]2.05% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then28,716[32]2.12% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then25,670[32]0.06% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then25,518[32]2.86% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then22,161[32]3.56% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then18,612[32]3.36% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then13,277[32]———

Barangays

Mandaon is made up of 26 barangays.
Barangays of Mandaon. Each column heading sorts the table.
[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]Share (2024)Urban or rural
Alas2,4095.45%0.20% a yearabout 31.24 km²Rural
Ayat1,5823.58%−2.64% a yearabout 9.96 km²Rural
Bat-Ongan1,7443.95%−0.22% a yearabout 11.11 km²Rural
Bugtong1,4613.31%−2.73% a yearabout 34.05 km²Rural
Buri1,1222.54%0.26% a yearabout 9.16 km²Rural
Cabitan5,31112.02%0.15% a yearabout 27.87 km²Urban
Cagmasoso5451.23%2.94% a yearabout 0.319 km²Rural
Canomoy1,4263.23%0.58% a yearabout 4.05 km²Rural
Centro8761.98%−1.17% a yearabout 6.59 km²Rural
Dayao1,9124.33%−1.12% a yearabout 14.58 km²Rural
Guincaiptan8131.84%0.33% a yearabout 3.93 km²Rural
Laguinbanwa1,3222.99%3.95% a yearabout 1.69 km²Rural
Lantangan2,7876.31%0.09% a yearabout 15.87 km²Rural
Looc8972.03%−1.66% a yearabout 11.53 km²Rural
Mabatobato7581.72%0.58% a yearabout 9.57 km²Rural
Maolingon3,2187.28%0.57% a yearabout 6.47 km²Rural
Nailaban1,4443.27%4.48% a yearabout 6.58 km²Rural
Nanipsan7451.69%0.10% a yearabout 7.21 km²Rural
Pinamangcaan8771.99%1.51% a yearabout 9.67 km²Rural
Poblacion4,2439.6%−1.88% a yearabout 1.60 km²Rural
Polo Dacu1,3263%0.38% a yearabout 2.13 km²Rural
San Juan1,0092.28%−0.59% a yearabout 44.95 km²Rural
San Pablo1,0212.31%2.08% a yearabout 15.48 km²Rural
Santa Fe4541.03%1.42% a yearabout 10.64 km²Rural
Tagpu2,0414.62%1.67% a yearabout 16.03 km²Rural
Tumalaytay2,8346.42%−0.22% a yearabout 11.61 km²Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Mandaon covers 336.75 km² of land, 131 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 427 m above the sea and it has 89.6 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
336.75 km²[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
131 people per km²[6]
Coordinates
12.26248° N, 123.32999° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[28]
Lowest
Sea level
Average
56 m
Highest
427 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

89.6 km of coastline[29]

Peaks[29]

  1. Bantayan Hillheight not mapped
  2. Ilijan Hillheight not mapped
  3. Tunog Hillsheight not mapped

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type III[30]

No clear rainiest time of year, and a short dry season of one to three months, in December to February or in March to May.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Masbate, the nearest PAGASA station, 35 km away[31]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,027 mm of rain on 146 days a year; 28.4 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Masbate, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January195 mm1426.9 °C30.4 °C23.4 °C
February114 mm1027.2 °C31.0 °C23.4 °C
March111 mm828.0 °C32.0 °C24.0 °C
April50 mm529.1 °C33.2 °C24.9 °C
May127 mm829.7 °C33.7 °C25.7 °C
June145 mm1129.4 °C33.3 °C25.5 °C
July209 mm1528.8 °C32.5 °C25.1 °C
August169 mm1428.8 °C32.5 °C25.1 °C
September205 mm1528.8 °C32.5 °C25.0 °C
October204 mm1428.6 °C32.4 °C24.9 °C
November205 mm1528.3 °C31.9 °C24.7 °C
December294 mm1727.5 °C30.9 °C24.1 °C
The year2,027 mm14628.4 °C32.2 °C24.7 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 9 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 25 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.
Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
25.4% of people[18]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
1st class[4]
About 25 of every 100 people in Mandaon lived below the poverty line in 2021 (25.4%)[18]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 21.6% and 29.2%, with 90% confidence.

Public places

  • 3government offices
  • 1hospital or health centre
  • 35schools
  • 2places of worship
  • 1station or terminal
  • 1park
  • 1beach

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Mandaon. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[11, 12]

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
2nd district of Masbate[16, 17]

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Mayor
    Kristine Salve Hao Kho[19]
    Vice mayor
    Emily Estipona Hao[19]

  2. 2022–2025

    Mayor
    Kristine Salve Hao Kho[20]
    Vice mayor
    Emily Estipona Hao[20]

  3. 2019–2022

    Mayor
    Emily Estipona Hao[21]
    Vice mayor
    Romeo Refil Villanueva[21]

  4. 2016–2019

    Mayor
    Kristine Salve Hao Kho[22]
    Vice mayor
    Romeo Refil Villanueva[22]

  5. 2013–2016

    Mayor
    Kristine Salve Estipona Hao[23]
    Vice mayor
    Jonalyn Royo Rana[23]

  6. 2010–2013

    Mayor
    Kristine Salve Estipona Hao[24]
    Vice mayor
    Romeo Refil Villanueva[24]

  7. 2007–2010

    Mayor
    Emily Azuero/estipona Hao[25]
    Vice mayor
    Napoleon Abelita Relox Sr.[25]

  8. 2004–2007

    Mayor
    Emily Hao[26]
    Vice mayor
    Edwin Rana[26]

  9. 2001–2004

    Mayor
    Emily E. Hao[27]
    Vice mayor
    Marilyn H. Sese[27]
Mayors and vice mayors of Mandaon, by term
TermMayorVice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Kristine Salve Hao Kho[19]Emily Estipona Hao[19]
2022–2025Kristine Salve Hao Kho[20]Emily Estipona Hao[20]
2019–2022Emily Estipona Hao[21]Romeo Refil Villanueva[21]
2016–2019Kristine Salve Hao Kho[22]Romeo Refil Villanueva[22]
2013–2016Kristine Salve Estipona Hao[23]Jonalyn Royo Rana[23]
2010–2013Kristine Salve Estipona Hao[24]Romeo Refil Villanueva[24]
2007–2010Emily Azuero/estipona Hao[25]Napoleon Abelita Relox Sr.[25]
2004–2007Emily Hao[26]Edwin Rana[26]
2001–2004Emily E. Hao[27]Marilyn H. Sese[27]

History & Identity

Created
Mandaon was created as a municipality by Executive Order No. 244 of 18 July 1949, with its seat at the barrio of Mandaon. Its territory came from the municipality of Milagros. Executive Order No. 662 of 1953 later corrected the list of barrios.[9, 10]

Its story

Mandaon began as a part of Milagros. The 1949 order made it a separate town from fifteen barrios and sitios of Milagros. The town began to exist once its mayor, vice-mayor and a majority of councilors were appointed and qualified.[9]

Timeline

  1. 18 July 1949

    Executive Order No. 244 creates the municipality of Mandaon from territory of Milagros.[9]

  2. 23 December 1953

    Executive Order No. 662 corrects the barrio lists of Cawayan and Mandaon in Executive Order No. 244, adding the barrio of Cabitan to Mandaon.[10]

Nearby

Mandaon shares a border with Aroroy, Balud and Milagros.

How it compares

Mandaon beside Masbate, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of Masbate.

Mandaon beside Masbate
FigureMandaonMasbateRank among the cities and municipalities of Masbate
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary44,177[1, 2]910,8139th of 21
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.03% a year[1, 2]slower0.05% a year13th of 21
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary131[6]less crowded22220th of 21
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary336.75 km²[6]4,095.65 km²3rd of 21
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.3[1, 2]higher4.1not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary12%[5]lower14%not ranked

How far, in a straight line[3]

Masbate City, the capital of Masbate
26.7 km east
Manila
362.1 km northwest

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities[3]

  1. MilagrosMasbate12.9 km east
  2. AroroyMasbate15.5 km north
  3. BalenoMasbate25.5 km northeast
  4. BaludMasbate25.7 km south
  5. Masbate CityMasbate26.7 km east
  6. MoboMasbate36.7 km east

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Bicol Region (OpenSTAT table 0051A6DTPH4). Published August 4, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Official Gazette / Lawphil Project. Executive Order No. 244, s. 1949: Creating the municipalities of Mobo, Baleno, Cawayan, Mandaon, Balud and Uson, in the Province of Masbate. Published July 18, 1949. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Lawphil Project. Executive Order No. 662, s. 1953: Correcting certain errors in Executive Order No. 244, s. 1949. Published December 23, 1953. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  14. 14.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  15. 15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
  16. 16.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  19. 19.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  20. 20.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  21. 21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  22. 22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  23. 23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  24. 24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  25. 25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  29. 29.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  30. 30.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  31. 31.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  32. 32.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  33. 33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  34. 34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Mandaon, Masbate.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/masbate/mandaon