Municipality

Caba

Caba is a municipality in La Union, Ilocos Region, Philippines. Its population was 23,432 in the 2024 census, and it has 17 barangays.

Population: 2024 Census
Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
Page updated: October 9, 2026

PlacesPeopleDensityGrowth

People · 2024 Census

Under 690
690 to 1,100
1,100 to 1,800
1,800 to 3,100
3,100 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

Under 160
160 to 340
340 to 700
700 to 2,600
2,600 and over

The same steps colour every map of barangays in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

Fell by more than 1% a year
Fell, by up to 1% a year
Grew, by under 1% a year
Grew by 1 to 2% a year
Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary^[3]Open in OpenStreetMap

PeopleSources
23,432
people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
Up 10.3% from 2010 to 2024
Rank by peopleSources
14th
of the 20 cities and municipalities of La Union by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
About 3 of every 100 people in La Union lived in Caba in 2024 (2.84%)
Inside itSources
17
barangays
LandSources
46.62 km²
of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Caba's land would fill a square about 6.8 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary
Average density, 2024: 503 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 5 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary
HomesSources
6,057
households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
3.9 people in each, on average, in 2024
Town or countrySources
0%
Fewer than 1 of every 1,000 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary: 0103309000^[4]Formerly 013309000
ZIP code: 2502^{[15, 16]}

People

Caba had 23,432 people in the 2024 census, up 10.3% from 2010.

People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Caba had the 14th most people of the 20 cities and municipalities of La Union in 2024^[1]

11Bangar38,190
12Luna38,076
13Tubao31,868
14Caba23,432
15Pugo19,107
16San Gabriel18,579
17Sudipen16,888

All 20 cities and municipalities of La Union

In 2024, the 10 barangays with the most people held about 73 of every 100 of its people^[2]

San Jose2,68411 in 100
Gana2,2169 in 100
Santiago Sur2,1899 in 100
San Carlos1,8888 in 100
Las-ud1,4046 in 100
Sobredillo1,3976 in 100
San Cornelio1,3776 in 100
San Fermin1,3696 in 100
Liquicia1,3536 in 100
Poblacion Norte1,2635 in 100

See all 17 barangays of Caba

Age structure · 2020 Census^[35]People living in households, by age and sex

About 26 of every 100 are children under 15 (25.6%)
About 67 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (66.6%)
About 8 of every 100 are 65 or older (7.9%)

MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
Age	People	Men	Women
0 - 4	1,826	946	880
5 - 9	2,000	1,030	970
10 - 14	2,082	1,062	1,020
15 - 19	2,110	1,090	1,020
20 - 24	2,073	1,065	1,008
25 - 29	1,847	978	869
30 - 34	1,646	851	795
35 - 39	1,570	828	742
40 - 44	1,469	747	722
45 - 49	1,333	690	643
50 - 54	1,255	665	590
55 - 59	1,044	503	541
60 - 64	1,023	531	492
65 - 69	676	301	375
70 - 74	488	219	269
75 - 79	275	95	180
80 years and over	376	118	258

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary: 23,432^{[1, 2]}
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary: 6,057^{[1, 2]}
People in each household, 2024: 3.9 on average^{[1, 2]}
Share of La Union, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary: 2.84%^[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary: 0% (0 people)^[5]
Men and women, 2020: 11,719 men, 11,374 women^[35]People living in households

Population at each census, with its source
Census	Population	Growth since the census before	Households	People per household
2024as of July 1, 2024	23,432^{[1, 2]}	0.32% a year	6,057	3.9
2020as of May 1, 2020	23,119^[1]	1.01% a year	—	—
2015as of August 1, 2015	22,039^[1]	0.70% a year	—	—
2010as of May 1, 2010	21,244^[1]	—	—	—
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then	20,927^[33]	0.93% a year	—	—
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders	19,565^{[33, 34]}	1.52% a year	—	—
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then	18,234^[33]	1.75% a year	—	—
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then	16,620^[33]	1.65% a year	—	—
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then	14,114^[33]	1.61% a year	—	—
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then	13,029^[33]	2.15% a year	—	—
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then	11,719^[33]	2.06% a year	—	—
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then	9,517^[33]	—	—	—

Barangays

Caba is made up of 17 barangays.

Barangays of Caba. Each column heading sorts the table.
	^{[2, 3, 5, 6, 7]}	Share (2024)			Urban or rural
Bautista	1,087	4.64%	−1.51% a year	about 1.75 km²	Rural
Gana	2,216	9.46%	−0.34% a year	about 1.54 km²	Rural
Juan Cartas	708	3.02%	−0.86% a year	about 1.81 km²	Rural
Las-ud	1,404	5.99%	0.95% a year	about 0.375 km²	Rural
Liquicia	1,353	5.77%	0.12% a year	about 6.95 km²	Rural
Poblacion Norte	1,263	5.39%	−1.51% a year	about 0.638 km²	Rural
Poblacion Sur	934	3.99%	−2.20% a year	about 0.366 km²	Rural
San Carlos	1,888	8.06%	5.64% a year	about 1.35 km²	Rural
San Cornelio	1,377	5.88%	−0.52% a year	about 4.56 km²	Rural
San Fermin	1,369	5.84%	4.53% a year	about 11.05 km²	Rural
San Gregorio	1,223	5.22%	0.16% a year	about 2.89 km²	Rural
San Jose	2,684	11.45%	−1.00% a year	about 7.03 km²	Rural
Santiago Norte	1,135	4.84%	−0.04% a year	about 0.193 km²	Rural
Santiago Sur	2,189	9.34%	1.21% a year	about 1.35 km²	Rural
Sobredillo	1,397	5.96%	−0.19% a year	about 3.56 km²	Rural
Urayong	706	3.01%	−1.72% a year	about 1.26 km²	Rural
Wenceslao	499	2.13%	1.71% a year	about 0.33 km²	Rural

Areas are approximate: each is measured inside the barangay's border on UN OCHA's map, which is a guide, not the legal boundary.

Land & Environment

Caba covers 46.62 km² of land, 503 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 321 m above the sea and it has 5.5 km of coast.

Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary: 46.62 km²^[6]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary: 503 people per km²^[6]
Coordinates: 16.43924° N, 120.37699° E^[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.

Height above the sea^[29]

Lowest: Sea level
Average: 88 m
Highest: 321 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

5.5 km of coastline^[30]

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type I^[31]

Two seasons: dry from November to April, wet for the rest of the year, with the heaviest rain from June to September.

Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Baguio City, the nearest PAGASA station, 24 km away^[32]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 3,824 mm of rain on 152 days a year; 19.5 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Baguio City, 1991 to 2020, by month
Month	Rain	Rainy days	Average	High	Low
January	16 mm	3	18.1 °C	23.1 °C	13.0 °C
February	24 mm	3	18.5 °C	23.7 °C	13.4 °C
March	51 mm	5	19.7 °C	24.8 °C	14.5 °C
April	100 mm	8	20.7 °C	25.5 °C	15.9 °C
May	340 mm	18	20.6 °C	24.7 °C	16.4 °C
June	406 mm	19	20.4 °C	24.3 °C	16.5 °C
July	773 mm	24	19.6 °C	23.1 °C	16.2 °C
August	963 mm	25	19.3 °C	22.3 °C	16.2 °C
September	537 mm	22	19.6 °C	23.0 °C	16.1 °C
October	477 mm	13	19.6 °C	23.6 °C	15.6 °C
November	96 mm	7	19.5 °C	23.9 °C	15.1 °C
December	42 mm	5	18.8 °C	23.5 °C	14.1 °C
The year	3,824 mm	152	19.5 °C	23.8 °C	15.2 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 1,510 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

About 10 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2021.

Poverty, 2021Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary: 10.5% of people^[19]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's estimate for every town.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary: 1st class^[4]

About 10 of every 100 people in Caba lived below the poverty line in 2021 (10.5%)^[19]

The PSA's model for every town puts it between 8.1% and 12.9%, with 90% confidence.

The PSA rates this estimate's reliability as acceptable rather than high: read it as a guide.

Public places

17government offices
2hospitals and health centres
18schools
10places of worship
1market
2monuments and memorials

Counted from OpenStreetMap^{[3, 8]}. Schools, places of worship, barangay halls and places known only by a common name, such as a chapel, are listed on each barangay's page.

Government offices6

Hospitals and health centres2

Markets1

Caba Municipal Market · Poblacion Norte

Monuments and memorials2

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A mayor leads Caba. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Bayan (the municipal council), led by the vice mayor. The mayor, the vice mayor and the council's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.^{[13, 14]}

Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary: 2nd district of La Union^{[17, 18]}

Leaders

The mayor and vice mayor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

2025–2028In office as of February 2026
Mayor
Genefer Bulao Madriaga^[20]
Vice mayor
Conrado Araza Vito^[20]
2022–2025
Mayor
Donna Rillera Crispino^[21]
Vice mayor
Ronnie Picaña Mangaser^[21]
2019–2022
Mayor
Philip Caesar Patacsil Crispino^[22]
Vice mayor
Ronnie Picaña Mangaser^[22]
2016–2019
Mayor
Philip Caesar Patacsil Crispino^[23]
Vice mayor
Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[23]
2013–2016
Mayor
Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[24]
Vice mayor
Philip Caesar Patacsil Crispino^[24]
2010–2013
Mayor
Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[25]
Vice mayor
Teodora Sobejana Condon^[25]
2007–2010
Mayor
Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[26]
Vice mayor
Erlinda Bautista Wenceslao^[26]
2004–2007
Mayor
Agripina Estalilla^[27]
Vice mayor
Adoracion Runes^[27]
2001–2004
Mayor
Agripina G. Estalilla^[28]
Vice mayor
Fatima C. Fesalbon^[28]

Mayors and vice mayors of Caba, by term
Term	Mayor	Vice mayor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026	Genefer Bulao Madriaga^[20]	Conrado Araza Vito^[20]
2022–2025	Donna Rillera Crispino^[21]	Ronnie Picaña Mangaser^[21]
2019–2022	Philip Caesar Patacsil Crispino^[22]	Ronnie Picaña Mangaser^[22]
2016–2019	Philip Caesar Patacsil Crispino^[23]	Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[23]
2013–2016	Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[24]	Philip Caesar Patacsil Crispino^[24]
2010–2013	Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[25]	Teodora Sobejana Condon^[25]
2007–2010	Clyde Patacsil Crispino^[26]	Erlinda Bautista Wenceslao^[26]
2004–2007	Agripina Estalilla^[27]	Adoracion Runes^[27]
2001–2004	Agripina G. Estalilla^[28]	Fatima C. Fesalbon^[28]

History & Identity

Stories from Ilocos Region

Caba has no Story of its own yet. This one is about Ilocos Region, which Caba is part of.

Film, 1:00
Ilocos Region
Ilocos: our dialect, salt and a union
The oldest name of the Ilocos is said to mean 'our dialect'. One Ilocos split in 1818, La Union was named in 1850, and Pangasinan is said to mean 'where salt is made'.
Why It's Called That

All Stories

Created: The town says Executive Order No. 41, issued in 1907, separated Caba from Aringay and took effect on 1 January 1908, so that Caba again became a regular municipality. The order itself was not found.^{[9, 10]}

How it got its name

Local traditionOne tale has a Spaniard asking a youth what the place was called. The youth believed he was being asked what to call the animal he was herding and replied "Cava", which in time turned into Caba.^[9]

Local traditionAnother tale says settlers from barrio Caba, San Carlos, Pangasinan came in the late 1500s and named the new place after their old home.^[9]

The town page adds that Caba, Cava and Caua were used interchangeably as names.^[9]

Its story

Augustinian friars founded Caba as a settlement in 1598, according to the town.^[9]

Sources differThe town says it became a barangay in 1692 and a town in 1783. It notes that two historians give other dates: 1745, together with Aringay, and 1844.^[9]

Act No. 935 of 9 October 1903 joined Caba and Galiano to Aringay.^[12]

Caba became a separate municipality again, effective 1 January 1908.^[9]

Diego Silang, leader of the Ilocos revolt of 1762-1763, was born in Caba. He was killed on 28 May 1763, and his wife Gabriela carried on the revolt until her execution in Vigan that September.^[9]

Timeline

1598
Caba founded as a settlement by Augustinian friars.^[9]
28 May 1763
Diego Silang is killed, leaving his wife Gabriela to lead the revolt.^[9]
1783
Sources differCaba made a town, according to the town government; other historians give 1745 or 1844.^[9]
9 October 1903
Act No. 935 merges Caba into Aringay.^[12]
1 January 1908
Executive Order No. 41 separates Caba from Aringay, effective 1 January 1908.^[9]

Nearby

Caba shares a border with Aringay, Bauang and Naguilian.

How it compares

Caba beside La Union, and where it stands among the cities and municipalities of La Union.

Caba beside La Union
Figure	Caba	La Union	Rank among the cities and municipalities of La Union
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary	23,432^{[1, 2]}	825,072	14th of 20
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary	0.32% a year^{[1, 2]}faster	0.08% a year	7th of 20
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary	503^[6]less crowded	528	14th of 20
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary	46.62 km²^[6]	1,562.16 km²	16th of 20
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary	3.9^{[1, 2]}higher	3.7	not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary	0%^[5]lower	20.8%	not ranked

Shares a border with^[3]

How far, in a straight line^[3]

San Fernando City, the capital of La Union: 18.4 km north
Manila: 216.1 km south

In a straight line between the points inside each place farthest from its edges, not by road.

The nearest towns and cities^[3]

AringayLa Union6.1 km south
BauangLa Union9.2 km northwest
TubaoLa Union11.0 km southeast
NaguilianLa Union11.0 km north
AgooLa Union12.4 km south
BurgosLa Union14.9 km northeast

Sources

Page updated October 9, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.

1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Ilocos Region (OpenSTAT table 0011A6DTPH0). Published August 4, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
6.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
7.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 4th Quarter 2022: Publication Datafile, with the 2015 and 2020 census counts (the PSA's file, as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published December 31, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
9.Municipality of Caba, La Union. History. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
10.Provincial Government of La Union. Municipality of Caba (History and Profile). Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
11.Municipality of Caba, La Union. Official website. Read by Scene October 3, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
12.Philippine Commission. Act No. 935 (9 October 1903), reducing the fifteen municipalities of La Union to twelve. Published October 9, 1903. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
13.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
14.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
15.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). ZIP Code Locator, as the Internet Archive captured it on 2022-05-21 (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published May 21, 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
16.Philippine Postal Corporation (PHLPost). Philippine ZIP Codes (the directory "ZipCode 2019.pdf", made 2019-12-02), as the Internet Archive keeps it (its SHA-1 matches the Archive's index). Published December 2, 2019. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1; a government-owned corporation's work is the Government's, Section 171.9). Open the source
17.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
18.Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 2025 National and Local Elections: results, certificates of canvass of every province, city and municipality. Published May 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
19.Philippine Statistics Authority. Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2018 and 2021 (the PSA's workbook "2018 - 2021 SAE_with PSGC_noHUC.xlsx", sheet "2018-2021_NoHUC", as the Internet Archive keeps it). Published April 2, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
20.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
21.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
22.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
23.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECED CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
24.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
25.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF CITY/MUNICIPAL CANDIDATES"). Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected City/Municipal Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
29.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
30.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
31.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
32.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
33.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
34.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
35.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Household Population by Age Group and Sex, for the Philippines and its regions, provinces, cities and municipalities (revised file, psa.gov.ph/system/files/phcd/2022-12/). Published December 2022. Read by Scene October 8, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

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Scene.ph. “Caba, La Union.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 9, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/la-union/caba