Skip to content

Province

Biliran

Biliran is a province in the Eastern Visayas region of Visayas, Philippines. Its population was 184,095 in the 2024 census, and it has 8 municipalities.

  • Population: 2024 Census
  • Places: PSGC 2Q 2026
  • Checked by Scene: October 8, 2026
  • Page updated: October 8, 2026
A chain of small green islets strung along a white beach and turquoise shallows, seen from a grassy hilltop under the eaves of a thatched roof, with a cone-shaped island rising from the deep blue sea beyond.
The Sambawan Islands and their beach, in Maripipi, seen from the hilltop.Photo: “Panorama islsnd” by Xivjericho, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; resized by Scene. Scene's copy is shared under the same licence.

  • PeopleSources

    184,095

    people counted in the 2024 censusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary

    Up 13.8% from 2010 to 2024

  • Rank by peopleSources

    6th

    of the 6 provinces of Eastern Visayas by population, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary

    About 4 of every 100 people in Eastern Visayas lived in Biliran in 2024 (3.98%)

  • Inside itSources

    8

    cities and municipalities

    132 barangays

  • LandSources

    527.39 km²

    of land, 2019 masterlistLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.Explained by Scene: Biliran's land would fill a square about 23.0 km on each side. That is only a way to picture its size: its real shape is on the map.More in the glossary

    Average density, 2024: 349 people per km²Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.Explained by Scene: About 3 people per hectare if everyone were spread evenly across the land. In fact people live closer together in towns and farther apart in the countryside.More in the glossary

  • HomesSources

    44,802

    households in 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary

    4.1 people in each, on average, in 2024

  • Town or countrySources

    17.2%

    About 17 of every 100 people lived in urban barangays in 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary

PSGC codePSGC codeThe code the Philippine Statistics Authority gives every place, so each one is known exactly, even when two share a name.More in the glossary
0807800000[4]Formerly 087800000

People

Biliran had 184,095 people in the 2024 census, up 13.8% from 2010.
People at each census since 1960

Counts from 2000 on are on today’s borders; earlier counts are as the place was then, so the line may step where a border moved.

Biliran had the fewest people of the 6 provinces of Eastern Visayas in 2024[1]
  1. 1Leyte1,823,458
  2. 2Samar806,179
  3. 3Northern Samar645,789
  4. 4Eastern Samar472,683
  5. 5Southern Leyte434,372
  6. 6Biliran184,095
All 6 provinces of Eastern Visayas
Of every 100 people in Biliran in 2024[1]
Age structure · 2024 Census[5]People living in households, by age and sex
  • About 29 of every 100 are children under 15 (29.4%)
  • About 63 of every 100 are of working age, 15 to 64 (62.6%)
  • About 8 of every 100 are 65 or older (8%)
MenWomen

The figures by age

People by age group, men and women
AgePeopleMenWomen
Under 514,7917,7307,061
5 - 918,6899,6789,011
10 - 1420,47710,6019,876
15 - 1918,9259,8299,096
20 - 2415,8238,1957,628
25 - 2913,5996,8706,729
30 - 3412,9076,7256,182
35 - 3910,8765,5775,299
40 - 449,8295,0564,773
45 - 499,2534,7644,489
50 - 548,7184,4274,291
55 - 597,9563,9324,024
60 - 647,0903,4973,593
65 - 695,5972,6982,899
70 - 743,9481,6942,254
75 - 792,6151,0421,573
80 - 841,5515481,003
85 and over1,030313717

Every figure, census by census

People, 2024 CensusCensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary
184,095[1, 2]
Households, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary
44,802[1, 2]
People in each household, 2024
4.1 on average[1, 2]
Share of Eastern Visayas, 2024Rank and shareWorked out by Scene from the PSA's counts: where a place stands among the places listed with it, and how many of every 100 of its parent's people live in it.More in the glossary
3.98%[1]
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary
17.2% (31,721 people)[6]
Men and women, 2024
93,176 men, 90,498 women[5]People living in households
Population at each census, with its source
CensusPopulationGrowth since the census beforeHouseholdsPeople per household
2024as of July 1, 2024184,095[1, 2]0.63% a year44,8024.1
2020as of May 1, 2020179,312[1]0.93% a year——
2015as of August 1, 2015171,612[1]1.13% a year——
2010as of May 1, 2010161,760[1]———
2007as of August 1, 2007; as it was then150,031[38]0.93% a year——
2000as of May 1, 2000; on today’s borders140,274[38, 39]1.28% a year——
1995as of September 1, 1995; as it was then132,209[38]2.15% a year——
1990as of May 1, 1990; as it was then118,012[38]0.58% a year——
1980as of May 1, 1980; as it was then111,421[38]1.53% a year——
1975as of May 1, 1975; as it was then103,270[38]2.68% a year——
1970as of May 6, 1970; as it was then90,498[38]0.35% a year——
1960as of February 15, 1960; as it was then87,285[38]———

Cities and municipalities

Biliran is made up of 8 municipalities, with 132 barangays in all.
Colour byColours the map of Biliran by the figure chosen; the key beside it says what each colour means.
Almeria: 18,716 people, 317 per km², 1.00% a yearBiliran: 18,721 people, 257 per km², 1.41% a yearCabucgayan: 21,923 people, 453 per km², 0.42% a yearCaibiran: 24,444 people, 293 per km², 0.27% a yearCulaba: 13,563 people, 185 per km², 1.07% a yearKawayan: 21,422 people, 372 per km², 1.11% a yearMaripipi: 6,070 people, 221 per km², −1.16% a yearNaval: 59,236 people, 563 per km², 0.43% a year

People · 2024 Census

  • Under 20,000
  • 20,000 to 31,000
  • 31,000 to 45,000
  • 45,000 to 76,000
  • 76,000 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Density · people per km², 2024

  • Under 140
  • 140 to 250
  • 250 to 390
  • 390 to 750
  • 750 and over

The same steps colour every map of cities and municipalities in the Atlas, so a colour means the same range everywhere.

Growth a year · 2020–2024

  • Fell by more than 1% a year
  • Fell, by up to 1% a year
  • Grew, by under 1% a year
  • Grew by 1 to 2% a year
  • Grew by 2% a year or more

Each place's yearly change between the 2020 and 2024 censuses, on the same steps as every map in the Atlas.

Borders from UN OCHA (PSA and NAMRIA), a guide and not the legal boundary[3]Open in OpenStreetMap
Cities and municipalities of Biliran. Each column heading sorts the table.
[1, 7]Share (2024)
Almeria18,71610.17%1.00% a year59.09 km²
Biliran18,72110.17%1.41% a year72.94 km²
Cabucgayan21,92311.91%0.42% a year48.41 km²
Caibiran24,44413.28%0.27% a year83.35 km²
Culaba13,5637.37%1.07% a year73.45 km²
Kawayan21,42211.64%1.11% a year57.53 km²
Maripipi6,0703.3%−1.16% a year27.47 km²
Naval59,23632.18%0.43% a year105.15 km²

Land & Environment

Biliran covers 527.39 km² of land, 349 people for every km² in 2024. Its land rises to 1,350 m above the sea and it has 160 km of coast.
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary
527.39 km²[7]As listed in the 2019 Masterlist of Land Areas (LMB, DENR)
Average density, 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary
349 people per km²[7]
Coordinates
11.59199° N, 124.48001° E[3]The point inside its border farthest from every edge, so it always falls within the place.
Height above the sea[34]
Lowest
Sea level
Average
320 m
Highest
1,350 m

Heights from the Copernicus DEM, a 30 m model of the surface: it reads the tops of trees and roofs, not the bare ground, over the land inside the border, the sea left out. Produced using Copernicus WorldDEM-30 © DLR e.V. 2010-2014 and © Airbus Defence and Space GmbH 2014-2018 provided under COPERNICUS by the European Union and ESA; all rights reserved.

Water, coast and peaks

160.0 km of coastline[35]

Rivers[35]

  1. Caraycaray River15.1 of 15.2 km
  2. Anas River13.2 km
  3. Sampao River9.1 km
  4. Bagongbong River8.8 km
  5. Bool River5.1 km
  6. Mapuyo River4.5 km
  7. Badiang River1.5 of 1.6 km

Peaks[35]

  1. Mount Naliwatan (Tres Marias Peak 3)volcano1,346 m
  2. Mount Suirovolcano1,301 m
  3. Mount Lauaanvolcano1,172 m
  4. Mount Guiauasan1,070 m
  5. Mt. Panamaovolcano1,056 m
  6. Mount Camalobagoan (Asluman)volcano1,048 m

The highest: 22 in all.

Named rivers, lakes and peaks as OpenStreetMap mapped them on 30 September 2026, and the coast within 150 m of the border. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Climate

Climate typeClimate typePAGASA sorts the country's climate into four types by when the rain falls. Type I has a dry season from November to April and a wet one for the rest of the year; Type II has no dry season, with the most rain from December to February; Type III has a short dry season; Type IV has rain spread through the year.More in the glossary

Type IV[36]

Rain spread fairly evenly through the year, with no dry season.

Covers about 92 of every 100 parts of its land. Read by Scene off PAGASA's climate map, so approximate: the type that covers most of the place's land.

At Catbalogan, the nearest PAGASA station, 49 km away[37]Averages for 1991 to 2020: 2,991 mm of rain on 181 days a year; 28.4 °C on average

Rain each month Average temperature

The figures by month

Climate at Catbalogan, 1991 to 2020, by month
MonthRainRainy daysAverageHighLow
January296 mm1626.7 °C30.8 °C22.7 °C
February208 mm1227.0 °C31.4 °C22.6 °C
March191 mm1328.6 °C32.4 °C23.2 °C
April124 mm1128.8 °C33.5 °C24.1 °C
May179 mm1229.5 °C33.9 °C25.0 °C
June230 mm1529.2 °C33.4 °C25.0 °C
July292 mm1728.8 °C32.7 °C24.9 °C
August196 mm1229.1 °C32.9 °C25.3 °C
September280 mm1528.9 °C32.8 °C24.9 °C
October299 mm1928.4 °C32.3 °C24.4 °C
November293 mm1927.8 °C31.9 °C23.8 °C
December404 mm2027.3 °C31.2 °C23.4 °C
The year2,991 mm18128.4 °C32.4 °C24.1 °C

A station's figures describe the place around it only roughly: inland and in the hills it may be cooler and wetter. The station stands 5 m above the sea.

Life & Economy

Biliran's economy made ₱23.9 billion of goods and services in 2025, ₱128,614 for each person. About 13 of every 100 people lived below the poverty line in 2023.
Economy, 2025Gross domestic productThe value of all the goods and services made in a place in a year: the size of its economy. The PSA measures it for every region, province and highly urbanized city. Counted at 2018 prices, it leaves out the rise in prices, so one year can be set beside another.More in the glossary
₱23.9 billion[21]Its gross domestic product at current prices; ₱18.9 billion at 2018 prices.
Growth, 2024–2025
3.5%[22]How much more it made than the year before, at 2018 prices.
For each person, 2025
₱128,614[23]Its economy divided by its projected population, at current prices, as the PSA works it out.
Poverty, 2023Poverty incidenceHow many of every 100 people live in families whose income is below the poverty line: what a person needs in a year for food and other basic needs, as the PSA sets it for each province. It is an estimate, from a survey or, for a town, a statistical model, so the PSA gives a range it is likely to fall in.More in the glossary
13.1% of people[24]Below the poverty line, by the PSA's survey.
Income classIncome classThe Department of Finance sorts provinces, cities and municipalities into classes by their average yearly income over recent years: 1st class has the most. It measures the local government's income, not how well off its people are.More in the glossary
2nd class[4]
About 13 of every 100 people in Biliran lived below the poverty line in 2023 (13.1%)[24]

The PSA's survey puts it between 10.5% and 15.7%, with 95% confidence. The poverty line was ₱28,773 a person for the year.

The PSA notes: Those with CVs higher than 10% in 2023 poverty incidence among population should be used with caution.

Public places

  • 28government offices
  • 8hospitals and health centres
  • 150schools
  • 22places of worship
  • 4markets
  • 6stations and terminals
  • 3parks
  • 3beaches
  • 1monument or memorial

Counted from OpenStreetMap[3, 8]. Each town's page lists its own; this page lists the stations, parks, beaches and monuments.

As OpenStreetMap maps them on September 30, 2026. Map data © OpenStreetMap contributors, under the Open Database License.

Government & Leaders

A governor leads Biliran. Its local laws, called ordinances, are passed by the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (the provincial board), led by the vice governor. The governor, the vice governor and the board's elected members serve three-year terms, and none may serve more than three in a row.[9, 19]

Capital
Naval[4]
Legislative districtLegislative districtThe area that elects one member of the House of Representatives. A big province or city may have several.More in the glossary
Lone district of Biliran[9, 20]

Leaders

The governor and vice governor elected at each election since 2001, as COMELEC's lists of the elected name them, and those in office now, as the DILG's directory lists them.

  1. 2025–2028In office as of February 2026

    Governor
    Rogelio Jimenez Espina[25]
    Vice governor
    Roselyn Espina Espina[25]

  2. 2022–2025

    Governor
    Gerard Roger Mendiola Espina[26]
    Vice governor
    Brigido Cabidog Caneja III[26]

  3. 2019–2022

    Governor
    Rogelio Jimenez Espina[27]
    Vice governor
    Brigido Cabidog Caneja III[27]

  4. 2016–2019

    Governor
    Gerardo Jimenez Espina Jr.[28]
    Vice governor
    Eriberto Dadizon Tubis Jr.[28]

  5. 2013–2016

    Governor
    Gerardo Jimenez Espina Jr.[29]
    Vice governor
    Eriberto Dadizon Tubis Jr.[29]

  6. 2010–2013

    Governor
    Gerardo Jimenez Espina Jr.[30]
    Vice governor
    Manuel Bornillo Montejo Jr.[30]

  7. 2007–2010

    Governor
    Rogelio Jimenez Espina[31]
    Vice governor
    Lucila Corpin Curso[31]

  8. 2004–2007

    Governor
    Rogelio Jimenez Espina[32]
    Vice governor
    Carlos Laurente Chan[32]

  9. 2001–2004

    Governor
    Rogelio J. Espina[33]
    Vice governor
    Carlos L. Chan[33]
Governors and vice governors of Biliran, by term
TermGovernorVice governor
2025–2028In office as of February 2026Rogelio Jimenez Espina[25]Roselyn Espina Espina[25]
2022–2025Gerard Roger Mendiola Espina[26]Brigido Cabidog Caneja III[26]
2019–2022Rogelio Jimenez Espina[27]Brigido Cabidog Caneja III[27]
2016–2019Gerardo Jimenez Espina Jr.[28]Eriberto Dadizon Tubis Jr.[28]
2013–2016Gerardo Jimenez Espina Jr.[29]Eriberto Dadizon Tubis Jr.[29]
2010–2013Gerardo Jimenez Espina Jr.[30]Manuel Bornillo Montejo Jr.[30]
2007–2010Rogelio Jimenez Espina[31]Lucila Corpin Curso[31]
2004–2007Rogelio Jimenez Espina[32]Carlos Laurente Chan[32]
2001–2004Rogelio J. Espina[33]Carlos L. Chan[33]

History & Identity

Biliran's fiesta and days

  • Hudyaka FestivalFestival · Anniversary of Biliran's provincehood · Every 11 May · next Tuesday, 11 May 2027

Everything listed for Biliran in Now

Created
Made a regular province under Section 462 of the Local Government Code (Republic Act No. 7160, approved 10 October 1991, in effect from 1 January 1992) by a plebiscite held on 11 May 1992, and proclaimed on 21 May 1992; it had been a sub-province of Leyte since Republic Act No. 2141 of 8 April 1959[9, 10, 11, 12]

How it got its name

Early Spanish chronicles called the island Isla de Panamao, after its northernmost mountain, a volcano described in 1668 by the Jesuit Francisco Alcina.[10]

Local traditionThe name Biliran, first recorded in 1685, is believed to come from boro-biliran, a native grass that grew there in plenty. The province suggests that Mount Panamao's great eruption of 1669 may have prompted the change, in a folk belief that a new name would appease the evil spirits blamed for it.[10]

Its story

In 1712 Biliran's settlers asked for a pueblo and a parish, but for half a century Moro raiders ravaged the island. In 1735 people of Leyte petitioned Governor-General Fernando Valdés y Tamón to resettle it, yet the raiders destroyed the pueblo of Biliran in 1754.[10]

Between 1765 and 1774 Father Gaspar Ignacio de Guevarra had a watchtower of coral and stone built on a hill at Biliran, with a church and a fort that served as a refuge for the faithful. When Moro pirates burned the place in 1774, only the watchtower survived.[13]

The settlers finally defeated the raiders in 1777, and the pueblo of Biliran was re-established in 1782; in 1813 another raid was called off because the local armadilla, a small fleet of armed boats, stood ready for battle. New towns followed, Naval among them in 1869.[10]

Republic Act No. 2141 of 8 April 1959 made Biliran's towns, from Almeria to Naval, a sub-province of Leyte with its seat at Naval. A law of 1969 gave its governor the executive powers of a provincial governor and gave the sub-province all provincial taxes and other revenue collected there, and one of 1971 gave it an assistant fiscal, an engineer, a health officer and a treasurer of its own.[12, 14, 15]

The Local Government Code of 1991 made sub-provinces regular provinces once a plebiscite approved it. Biliran's was held with the synchronized elections of 11 May 1992, and on 21 May 1992 the board of canvassers proclaimed it a province.[9, 10, 11]

The province keeps 11 May as its foundation anniversary, a local special day since 1993 and the day of the Hudyaka Festival. As a sub-province it had kept 8 April, its charter anniversary; the 30th fell in 1989.[16, 17, 18]

Timeline

  1. 1669

    Mount Panamao erupts.[10]

  2. 1754

    Moro raiders destroy the pueblo of Biliran.[10]

  3. 1765 to 1774

    Father Gaspar Ignacio de Guevarra builds the church, fort and watchtower at Biliran.[13]

  4. 1777

    The settlers defeat the Moro raiders.[10]

  5. 1782

    The pueblo of Biliran is re-established.[10]

  6. 1869

    Naval is established as a town.[10]

  7. 8 April 1959

    Republic Act No. 2141 makes Biliran a sub-province of Leyte, with its seat at Naval.[12]

  8. 21 June 1969

    Republic Act No. 5977 gives the sub-province a governor with a provincial governor's executive powers.[14]

  9. 4 October 1971

    Republic Act No. 6415 gives the sub-province offices of its own.[15]

  10. 11 May 1992

    A plebiscite approves Biliran's conversion into a regular province.[9, 11]

  11. 21 May 1992

    Biliran is proclaimed a province.[11]

  12. 7 May 1993

    Proclamation No. 174 makes 11 May a yearly local special day in the province.[16]

Nearby

Biliran shares no land border with another province. Nearest across the water are Leyte, Samar, Cebu and Masbate.

How it compares

Biliran beside Eastern Visayas, and where it stands among the provinces of Eastern Visayas.

Biliran beside Eastern Visayas
FigureBiliranEastern VisayasRank among the provinces of Eastern Visayas
People, 2024CensusA count of every person in the country, all on one day. The 2024 census counted people as they were on 1 July 2024.More in the glossary184,095[1, 2]4,625,9296th of 6
Growth a year, 2020–2024Growth a yearHow fast the number of people changed each year between two censuses. 1% a year means about 1 more person for every 100 people, each year.More in the glossary0.63% a year[1, 2]faster0.41% a year1st of 6
People per km², 2024Population densityHow crowded a place is on average: its people divided by its land area. 1,000 people per square kilometre is 10 people per hectare, a square of 100 by 100 metres.More in the glossary349[7]more crowded2202nd of 6
Land areaLand areaThe land inside the place's official boundary. A square kilometre is a square 1 km on each side, about the size of 140 football fields.More in the glossary527.39 km²[7]21,017.38 km²6th of 6
People in each household, 2024HouseholdA person living alone, or people who sleep in the same home and share their meals. A family may be one household or several.More in the glossary4.1[1, 2]higher4.0not ranked
In urban barangays, 2024Urban barangayThe PSA counts a barangay as urban when it has 5,000 people or more, or a big employer, or several businesses and public services close by. Every barangay in Metro Manila is urban.More in the glossary17.2%[6]about the same17.3%not ranked

The nearest provinces across the water[3]

  1. LeyteEastern Visayas0.2 km southeast
  2. SamarEastern Visayas8.8 km northeast
  3. CebuCentral Visayas17.7 km southwest
  4. MasbateBicol Region18.9 km northwest

Measured between the two borders where they come closest, on the Earth's surface, across the water. Not a boat or ferry route.

Sources

Page updated October 8, 2026. Sources checked by Scene October 8, 2026.
  1. 1.Philippine Statistics Authority. Population and Annual Population Growth Rate of the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces, and Highly Urbanized Cities Based on the 2010, 2015, 2020 and 2024 Population Census (OpenSTAT table 0211A6DAPG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  2. 2.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households by Province, City, Municipality, and Barangay as of 01 July 2024: Eastern Visayas (OpenSTAT table 0081A6DTPH7). Published August 5, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  3. 3.UN OCHA, from the PSA and NAMRIA. Philippines: Subnational Administrative Boundaries (COD-AB), barangay layer. Published February 13, 2025. Read by Scene September 25, 2026. CC BY-IGO 3.0. Open the source
  4. 4.Philippine Statistics Authority. Philippine Standard Geographic Code (PSGC), 2nd Quarter 2026: Publication Datafile. Published June 30, 2026. Read by Scene September 24, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  5. 5.Philippine Statistics Authority. Household Population by Age-Group Region, Province, and Highly Urbanized City: Philippines, 2024 Census of Population (OpenSTAT table 0201A6DPAG0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  6. 6.Philippine Statistics Authority. Total Population and Urban Population by Urban Classification and Region, Province, Highly Urbanized City, City/Municipality and Barangay: Philippines, 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0231A6DPUP0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  7. 7.Philippine Statistics Authority, from the Land Management Bureau (DENR). Population, Land Area, Population Density, and Percent Change in Population Density by Region, Province/Highly Urbanized City, and City/Municipality: 2015, 2020, and 2024 (OpenSTAT table 0221A6DLPD0). Published August 7, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  8. 8.OpenStreetMap contributors. Named public places in OpenStreetMap: schools, hospitals and health centres, places of worship, government offices, markets, stations, parks, beaches and monuments, from Geofabrik's extract of the Philippines. Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  9. 9.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 7160: the Local Government Code of 1991. Published October 10, 1991. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  10. 10.Provincial Government of Biliran. History of Biliran. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  11. 11.Provincial Government of Biliran. Historical Timeline. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  12. 12.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 2141: An Act Creating the Sub-Province of Biliran. Published April 8, 1959. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  13. 13.National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Panandang Pangkasaysayan 2007-2016. Published 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  14. 14.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 5977: An Act Amending Republic Act Numbered Twenty-One Hundred Forty-One, Entitled "An Act Creating the Sub-Province of Biliran". Published June 21, 1969. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  15. 15.Congress of the Philippines. Republic Act No. 6415: An Act Creating Certain Positions in the Sub-Province of Biliran, Province of Leyte, Amending for the Purpose Republic Act Numbered Twenty-One Hundred Forty-One, as Amended. Published October 4, 1971. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  16. 16.Office of the President of the Philippines. Proclamation No. 174, s. 1993: Declaring May 11 of Every Year as a Local Special Day in the Province of Biliran. Published May 7, 1993. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  17. 17.Provincial Government of Biliran. Hudyaka Festival. Published November 9, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  18. 18.Office of the President of the Philippines. Proclamation No. 364, s. 1989: Declaring Saturday, April 8, 1989, as “Subprovince of Biliran Day”. Published January 27, 1989. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  19. 19.1986 Constitutional Commission. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  20. 20.1986 Constitutional Commission (text from the Chan Robles Virtual Law Library). Ordinance appended to the 1987 Constitution, apportioning the seats of the House of Representatives. Published February 2, 1987. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Philippine government work, no copyright (Republic Act No. 8293, Section 176.1). Open the source
  21. 21.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0012A5FPPA0). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  22. 22.Philippine Statistics Authority. Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC, Growth Rates (OpenSTAT table 0032A5FPPA2). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  23. 23.Philippine Statistics Authority. Per Capita Gross Domestic Product by Province and HUC (OpenSTAT table 0092A5FPPA8). Published August 28, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  24. 24.Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). Table 2a. Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold and Poverty Incidence Among Population with Measures of Precision, by Region, Province and Highly Urbanized Cities: 2018, 2021, and 2023 (OpenSTAT table 0041F3DF02A). Published August 15, 2024. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  25. 25.Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). Directory of LGU Elective Officials for Term 2025-2028 as of February 2026 (its sheet: Consolidated List of Officials for Election Terms (2025-2028)), released through the FOI portal. Published February 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: RA 8293, Section 176 (no copyright subsists in it; exploiting it for profit needs the agency's prior approval). Open the source
  26. 26.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2022 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  27. 27.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2019 National and Local Elections. Published December 23, 2025. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  28. 28.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 9, 2016 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  29. 29.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 13, 2013 National and Local Elections. Published January 12, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  30. 30.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2010 National and Local Elections. Published January 10, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  31. 31.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2007 National and Local Elections. Published January 14, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  32. 32.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 10, 2004 National and Local Elections. Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  33. 33.Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Records and Statistics Division, ERSD. List of Elected Provincial Candidates, May 14, 2001 National and Local Elections (its pages are headed "LIST OF ELECTED MEMBER, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES"). Published January 8, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Public domain: comelec.gov.ph says "All content is in the public domain unless otherwise stated." Each list carries COMELEC's data privacy notice (RA 10173).. Open the source
  34. 34.European Union and the European Space Agency (Copernicus), from DLR and Airbus Defence and Space (WorldDEM). Copernicus DEM GLO-30: global digital surface model at 30 m, one-degree tiles (2021 release). Published 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. Copernicus DEM GLO-30 licence: free, any use including commercial, with the Copernicus notice. Open the source
  35. 35.OpenStreetMap contributors, extract by Geofabrik. Named rivers, lakes, reservoirs, peaks and the coastline of the Philippines in OpenStreetMap (Geofabrik extract, cut by osmium). Published September 30, 2026. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. ODbL 1.0. Open the source
  36. 36.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climate Map of the Philippines (1951-2010), Modified Coronas Climate Classification. Published August 2014. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  37. 37.Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA), Climatology and Agrometeorology Division. Climatological Normals, 1991-2020, by synoptic station (one PDF each). Published January 2022. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. A work of the Government of the Philippines: no copyright (RA 8293 s.176.1); PAGASA's approval is needed to use it for profit. Open the source
  38. 38.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2015 Census of Population, Statistical Tables, Table 1: Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by City/Municipality, 1960-2015 (one workbook for each province, highly urbanized city and region). Published 2017. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source
  39. 39.Philippine Statistics Authority. 2020 Census of Population and Housing: Table A (Population and Annual Growth Rate for the Philippines and its Regions, Provinces and Highly Urbanized Cities) and Table B (Population and Annual Growth Rates by Province, City and Municipality, by Region). Published July 2021. Read by Scene October 2, 2026. CC BY (PSA Terms of Use). Open the source

Scene adds what the sources do not print themselves: growth rates, shares, barangay areas and densities, coordinates, neighbours and distances, each computed from the figures and borders above. How each is made.

See something wrong on this page? Write to hello@scene.ph with the page address. We check every report against the source.

Cite this page

Scene.ph. “Biliran.” Scene Atlas. Updated October 8, 2026. https://scene.ph/atlas/biliran